Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout2022-09-22 Council Work Session Agenda PacketCouncil Work Session Agenda September 22, 2022 – 5:30 pm 1. Call to Order / Roll Call 2. Rental Ordinance 3. Unscheduled Items 4. Adjournment *Includes Materials - Materials relating to these agenda items can be found in the house agenda packet book located by the Council Chambers entrance, or online at the City’s website at www.corcoranmn.gov. HYBRID MEETING OPTION AVAILABLE The public is invited to attend the regular Council meetings at City Hall. Meeting Via Telephone/Other Electronic Means Call-in Instructions: +1 312 626 6799 US Enter Meeting ID: 830 0830 4811 Press *9 to speak during the Public Comment Sections in the meeting. Video Link and Instructions: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83008304811 visit http://www.zoom.us and enter Meeting ID: 830 0830 4811 Participants can utilize the Raise Hand function to be recognized to speak during the Public Comment sections in the meeting. Participant video feeds will be muted. In-person comments will be received first, with the hybrid electronic means option following. For more information on options to provide public comment visit: www.corcoranmn.gov 8200 County Road 116  Corcoran, MN 55340 763-420-2288  www.corcoranmn.gov MEMO Meeting Date: September 22, 2022 To: City Council From: Natalie Davis McKeown, Planner Re: City Code Updates – Rental Dwelling Ordinance ____________________________________________________________________ Creation and adoption of a rental dwelling ordinance was identified as one of the Council’s “Top 4” priorities to address in the remainder of 2022. Earlier this summer, the Council expressed a desire to establish a rental dwelling ordinance with the following concerns in mind: 1.The phenomenon of corporate entities buying up large amounts of homes (particularly single-family homes, twin-homes, and townhomes) within a community to convert them into rental properties. The Council was concerned this pattern runs the risk of reducing homeownership opportunities for local residents while increasing housing costs. 2.The potential for new neighborhoods developed with homeownership in mind to be converted into primarily rental neighborhoods. Again, this concern seemed to be specific to neighborhoods with single-family homes, twin-homes, and townhomes. 3.The importance of an exemption for property owners renting to a family member. Since the initial discussions, staff completed a great deal of research and discussion on rental ordinances which is summarized in the following key findings: Model Rental Ordinances The Council directed staff to see if there was a model rental ordinance that could be adopted with the idea of allowing existing rental properties a brief period to apply for a license before implementing a moratorium on new rental dwelling licenses. The thinking behind this approach is the moratorium would provide the City with time to further strategize methods that address the above-stated concerns. Staff reached out to the League of MN Cities for a model ordinance. They do not have a model ordinance per se, but they pointed to Red Wing’s rental licensing ordinance as a good sample because the Minnesota Supreme Court upheld the language regarding rental inspections in 2013 after the city amended the code in 2007 to address issues brought up in a separate lawsuit. The court opinion and the portion of the Red Wing rental ordinance forwarded by the League are enclosed for reference. The enclosed draft uses the Red Wing code as a model for the building inspections portion of the ordinance. Additionally, staff pulled a variety of rental dwelling ordinances throughout Minnesota, including Apple Valley, Brooklyn Park, Dayton, Duluth, Inver Grove Heights, Little Canada, Mankato, Moorhead, West St. Paul, and Winona. The wide variety in the contents of the pulled rental ordinance seem to support the conclusion that a “basic” rental ordinance is rare – it is a complicated topic with property rights implications that must be customized to balance the goals of the City with the rights of individuals and businesses. Therefore, a well-done rental ordinance requires in-depth regulations. Furthermore, the City Attorney advised that the identified goals of the City should be careful about focusing on allowing certain groups (i.e. local residents) to own rentals over others (e.g., a business entity). Typically, the stated purpose of rental ordinances is focused on regulating maintenance of housing stock to protect public health, safety, and welfare of all residents. Apple Valley probably had the simplest ordinance as it was just a registration process – nothing further. However, discussions with the Police Department (PD) and the City Attorney suggested modeling our own ordinance after Apple Valley, even as an interim approach, does not give the City much authority to regulate rental housing or provide a mechanism to hold landlords accountable for renting to tenants that create a disorderly environment. Enclosed to this report is a draft ordinance that picks and chooses from several of the surveyed cities. Primarily, the draft is based on the ordinances from West St. Paul, Red Wing, and Moorhead. These rental ordinances are enclosed for reference. There is also some verbiage within the draft taken from Brooklyn Park and Little Canada. Prevalence of Rental Homes in Corcoran While researching, staff found the following resource from the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis: New property-data tool reveals patterns of investor ownership (minneapolisfed.org). The tool uses data current as of 2021 and is helpful in providing a base understanding of how many rentals are estimated to be currently located within Corcoran. Below are key findings specific to Corcoran: -Roughly 114 properties (6% of the housing units) in Corcoran are non- homesteaded. -This same data estimates that 0.9% (17 properties) of the housing units within Corcoran are owned by an investor entity that owns at least one other property within the seven-county Twin Cities area. - An estimated 0.3% (5 properties) of Corcoran’s housing stock are owned by investors that own at least three other rental properties within the Twin Cities. - Data shows there was one rental dwelling within Corcoran that is owned by an investor that owns 100 or more homes within the Twin Cities as of 2021. These findings suggest that there is not a particularly urgent need to establish a rental dwelling ordinance in order to prevent further erosion of homeownership opportunities within Corcoran. The Council has time to consider exactly how they would like to establish the rental dwelling ordinance without a need to quickly adopt a “basic” licensing ordinance just to place a moratorium on issuing new rental licenses later next year for further study for further amendments to the rental dwelling ordinance. Adopting what is believed to be the final ordinance (or as final as possible) from the get-go will provide necessary certainty for the existing rental properties in the City as well as potential homebuyers, whether they be a person or entity. Short-Term Rentals In some areas of the country, investors are purchasing large numbers of single-family homes to use as short-term rentals. However, staff did not find any short-term rental properties within Corcoran advertised on Airbnb, MINNeSTAY, or Vrbo. Studies are finding that investor-owned short-term rentals appear to be more of a concern in core metro areas (e.g., Minneapolis/St. Paul) as well as vacation towns (e.g., Brainerd). It appears short-term rentals are unlikely to be a prevalent problem within Corcoran at this time. It may make sense to focus the rental dwelling ordinance on long-term rentals and re-visit this topic once there is evidence of short-term rentals within the City. Therefore, staff did not include verbiage for short-term rentals within the draft ordinance. Crime Free Ordinances / Disorderly Conduct Provisions It was a fairly common practice for cities, throughout the country and the Twin Cities, to include some version of a crime free ordinance within their rental ordinance. These clauses are growing more controversial over time. Cities are being sued over discriminatory impacts, and federal guidance from 2016 stated that these ordinances can violate the Fair Housing Act if there is a discriminatory impact regardless of the City’s intent at the time of adoption. Planning staff worked with PD to find a compromise between a controversial crime free ordinance and preventing disorderly houses without an accountable property owner. PD would like to see a clause that regulates disorderly conduct on licensed premises, similar to what is implemented in Moorhead and Mankato. The enclosed draft utilizes the provisions found in Moorhead (see Chapter 118.06). This clause creates a three-strike system for each time the police are called out to a property by a third-party complaint. Certain offenses will result in a strike to be placed against the rental license. Once a rental license has three strikes against it within a 12-month rolling period, then the license can be revoked, suspended, or nonrenewed. Certain emergency calls would not be a strikable offense, such as calls for help (including a tenant calling for assistance when they are no longer able to control their own party) and domestic violence. The City Attorney stressed that the ordinance will need a clear list of was is considered disorderly conduct, cannot include anything that could be construed as a limitation on the ability for a victim to call for help, and an appeals process to ensure due process. Limiting Ability to Own Multiple Rental Dwellings Staff understands the concerns driving the implementation of the rental ordinance and agrees that it is undesirable for companies to erode homeownership opportunities for local residents. However, we don’t want to be so harsh on business entity ownership that we take away a substantial market from the City’s homeowners to sell or rent their homes. When the market is tight, does the City really want to make people have to work harder to sell their homes? It is important that the rental licensing ordinance accomplish the City’s desire to curtail investor-owned properties without sacrificing someone else’s lifeline (e.g., someone struggling financially and needs to sell their home immediately). Staff believes it is reasonable to further regulate individuals and entities that own more than three rental dwelling licenses for single-family homes. West St. Paul’s ordinance includes a clause that limits the issuance of more than three rental dwelling licenses for single-family homes to a single property owner or entity with some exceptions carved out. This is what is included in the draft ordinance as a starting point for the Council’s consideration (see 118.03, subsection A, paragraph 2). Additionally, the City Attorney warned that entities can circumvent West St. Paul’s requirement by establishing various LLCs or other entities. Therefore, he offered additional language (at the end of paragraph 2) to prevent this behavior. It is a fairly convoluted clause, but the situation is fairly complex. As staff continues to work on fine tuning the ordinance, it is possible the language will be further simplified. Limiting Rental Density Staff found examples of cities that implemented rental dwelling density caps within their ordinance, such as West St. Paul, Mankato, and Winona. This is an area where the City must balance the desire to protect homeownership opportunities for residents with the reality that some homeowners may need to sell or rent their homes. Additional research suggests these clauses may prove controversial and could potentially cause more neighborhood blight than they solve. There is an argument that the ability to rent out (or sell to someone interested in renting out the property) is a fundamental property right. By setting a 10% cap on rental dwellings per block, such as what is used in the West St. Paul ordinance, essentially tells the remaining 90% of the block that they have less property rights. Even if the ordinance is written in a way where the limit can be bypassed on a case-by-case basis or in certain situations, this can be seen as arbitrary. There has been at least one lawsuit on this topic. The City of Mankato has a 30% cap per block implemented and was sued by property owners who struggled to sell their property during an economic downturn and were not permitted to rent as an alternative. A final verdict was never reached after the homeowners lost standing – one homeowner lost his home to the bank, another sold their property after it was on the market for 7 years, and the other plaintiff was finally allowed a license after it was determined the City incorrectly withheld a license for over two years as her block was not yet at the 30% rental cap as she was repeatedly told. At the same time, staff did not locate a firm court decision that shows this type of clause will not be upheld by the courts. It would likely depend on the findings of fact adopted by the City when establishing the ordinance, and the findings of fact should be supported by available data. With this in mind, the draft ordinance currently utilizes the density clause from West St. Paul’s ordinance (see 118.03, subsection I) which includes a rental density cap of 10% on a given block with the ability for the Council to approve additional licenses as seen fit. The Council will likely want to consider increasing this cap as news reports suggested residents find West St. Paul’s rental limit intrusive and expressed desires to file lawsuits. However, staff does not have a specific density percentage in mind at this time. The only data staff found to support a specific percent of density was from a news report that cited a 1987 study which found that homes in places where more than 30% of properties were renter-occupied sold for less money. It is important to note that correlation does not equal causation; it is entirely possible these areas were attractive for renters due to the cheaper home values rather than the presence of renters driving down the home values. If the Council would like to proceed with a density cap, what percentage of homes feels justified to meet the City’s goal of stabilizing housing costs? Staff can use the Council’s identified density percentage as a starting point for further research and study. Family Exemption The proposed draft provides an exemption for most immediate familial relationships from the rental dwelling license requirements. It does require an affidavit to be filed with the City and renewed every 10 years. This is similar to how the same issue is handled in Red Wing’s ordinance. However, based on experience with other exemptions that require a sworn affidavit within City Code, staff is concerned there is the potential for this exemption to be abused with little recourse for staff to press the issue. It may make sense for the Code to detail consequences if a property owner is found to have committed perjury by lying on a sworn affidavit for a rental license. The hope is this will help to deter those trying to circumvent the ordinance requirements. Outstanding Issues There are several items that need to be fleshed out further before the rental dwelling ordinance can be adopted. The enclosed draft is meant to be a very rough draft to show staff’s progress on moving forward with the ordinance and provide an opportunity for feedback early in the process. The City Attorney and staff will continue to workshop the draft to remove inconsistencies and duplication while researching legal implications that may impact the long-term viability of the proposed language. It will be helpful for the City Council to provide feedback in areas where they feel strongly that components should be removed or included. Additionally, the Council should provide feedback as to how staff should address the following items: 1.Adoption of a property maintenance code will be necessary for inspections. Staff at this time is leaning towards adopting the International Property Maintenance Code (IPMC) for the sake of simplicity and established resources. It is likely staff would recommend the IPMC with some amendments to exclude areas that are covered by our nuisance code. This is similar to how it is handled in Brooklyn Park’s adopted property maintenance code, which is enclosed to this report. 2.Fee schedule for licenses. Staff will need to complete research of local rental licensing fees to prepare our own fee schedule for applications, rentals, and excessive inspections. Staff would also like to include a conversion fee for single- family homes (potentially twin-homes and townhomes as well) for when a previously homesteaded property converts to a rental property. 3.Fines. The draft ordinance references a few areas where there would be a fine, but the amount of the fines will need to be defined before implementation of the rental dwelling ordinance. PD expressed a need for fines to have teeth in order to be effective. 4.How much time do we want to give existing rental dwelling owners to bring their properties into compliance? It may be particularly difficult for rented manufactured homes and older farm homes to pass property inspections. While these properties should be brought up to standards, building in a grace period for properties that were being rented out prior to the adoption of the ordinance (with the burden of proof on the property owner) seems fair. 5.Should we include an exemption for property owners who are looking to rent their homes for 6 months or less? This could be desired for residents who live in warmer states in the winter. A minimum time period could be later added to this exemption (e.g., no less than one month) if the City decides to regulate short- term rentals like Airbnb. 6.The density requirement may require software to be able to properly map and enforce rental license density. The map will be useful if potential property owners call in to see if they could rent out a property prior to purchasing said property. The tool would help staff to respond to such inquiries accurately and within a timely manner. Attachments 1.Draft Ordinance 2.Red Wing Rental Ordinance Sample 3.West St. Paul Rental Ordinance 4.Moorhead Rental Ordinance 5.Red Wing Property Maintenance Code 6.Brooklyn Park Property Maintenance Code 7.2013 MN Supreme Court Case Decision Involving Red Wing CHAPTER 118: RENTAL DWELLING LICENSING 118.01: PURPOSE. It is the purpose of this chapter to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of residents of Corcoran who live in rental units by adopting a rental dwelling inspection and maintenance program that corrects substandard conditions and maintain a standard for existing and newly constructed rental dwellings in the City. The operation of rental properties is a business enterprise that includes certain responsibilities. Rental owners, operators, and managers are responsible to take such reasonable steps as are necessary to ensure that the citizens who occupy such rental units, as well as neighboring properties, may pursue the quiet enjoyment of the normal activities of life in surroundings that are safe, secure, and sanitary, free from noise, nuisances, and annoyances, and free from unreasonable fears about safety of persons or property. 118.02: DEFINITIONS. Words used in this chapter shall have the following meanings: ALTERNATIVE INSPECTION REPORT. A rental dwelling inspection report that the applicant obtains from a building inspector for the purposes of receiving United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”) rental approval. APARTMENT. A community, complex, or building having a common owner and containing at least one rental dwelling unit. BLOCK. An area of land enclosed within the perimeter of streets, watercourses, public parks, municipally owned lots, and city boundaries. CITY INSPECTOR’S REPORT or INSPECTION REPORT. A rental dwelling inspection report prepared and signed by a city inspector. CITY ADMINISTRATOR. The City of Corcoran City Administrator or their designee. COMPLEX. The total number of buildings on the license application or contiguous rental properties under the same ownership. DWELLING. A building or one or more portions of a building occupied or intended to be occupied for residential purposes. FAMILY. 1.An individual or two or more persons legally related by blood, marriage, domestic partnership, foster care, guardianship, or adoption living together in a dwelling unit. OR 2.A group of not more than three persons not related by blood, marriage, domestic partnership, foster care, guardianship, or adoption living together in a dwelling unit. Draft Ordinance LET FOR OCCUPANCY or to LET or to RENT. To permit possession or occupancy of a dwelling or rental dwelling unit whether or not compensation is paid by a person who is not the legal owner of record thereof, pursuant to a written or unwritten lease. MULTIPLE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING. A building with any dwelling joined to another dwelling at one or more sides by a party wall or walls, including apartments, townhomes, twin-homes, duplexes, or quad-homes. OCCUPANT. Any person living or sleeping in a dwelling unit, or having possession of a space within a dwelling unit. OPERATOR or MANAGER. Any person who has charge, care, or control of a structure or premises that is let or offered for occupancy. OWNER or LICENSEE. Any person, agent, operator, firm, corporation, or other legal entity having a legal or equitable interest in the property or recorded in the official state, county, or city records as holding title to the property or otherwise having control of the property. PERSON. May be an individual, corporation, firm, association, company, partnership, organization, or any other group acting as a unit. PROPERTIES, PROPERTY OR LOTS. Lots of record. REINSPECTION. A follow-up inspection that is: 1. Conducted to determine of a code violation has been corrected; 2. Necessary because a licensee, owner, or other responsible party fails to attend a scheduled inspection; 3. Necessary because a scheduled inspection does not occur or is prevented from occurring due to an act of a property owner or agent; or 4. Any inspection following an initial inspection. RENTAL DWELLING. Any dwelling used for residential occupancy by one or more persons who are not the owner or a member of the owner’s family. RENTAL DWELLING UNIT. Any room or rooms, or space, in any rental dwelling designed or used for residential occupancy by one or more persons who are not the owner or a member of the owner’s family. 118.03: LICENSE REQUIRED A. Rental Dwelling License. 1. No person, partnership, business entity, or corporation shall operate, let, or cause to be let, a rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit without a license for each building. 2. No property owner shall be permitted to license more than three single-family residences as rental dwellings, unless the property owner: a. Hires a property management company who is licensed by the Commerce Department and that license is in good standing; or b. Is a public housing agency; or c. Obtains a special exception from the City Council. Principal owners or controller of legal entities which own one or more rental dwellings shall be subject to this cap as individual principal owners or controllers. For illustration, but not limitation, no person or entity may circumvent this restriction by maintaining ownership interests in multiple separate owner entities and each such ownership interest shall be counted toward the cap set forth herein. 3. A rental dwelling license shall be valid for a 1-year cycle beginning on March 1 each year. A current licensee who intends to continue letting rental dwellings shall apply for a license renewal at least 30 days before the end of the then-current licensing term. B. License Exemption 1. The owner of a rental dwelling is exempt from the licensing requirements of this section if the occupant of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit is related to the owner as a parent, child, sibling, step-sibling, grandparent, grandchild, step-parent, step-child, step-grandparent, or step-grandchild and the owner files an affidavit with the City stating that the renter is one of those relations. The affidavit required in this paragraph must also state the address of the rental dwelling unit and must be renewed at least every ten years (120 months). 2. The owner must notify the City in writing within 30 days of this exemption being lost because the occupant is not related to the owner as one of the above-referenced relations. 3. This chapter does not apply to hotels, motels, hospitals, state-licensed residential care facilities, assisted living facilities, nursing homes, and high school dormitories. 4. This chapter does not apply to single-family homes in which the owner resides within a portion of the building and therefore are a total of no more than three unrelated persons within the owner’s dwelling unit. In instances of rental dwellings with more than one unit including townhomes and twin- homes, only the portion of the building in which the owner resides is exempt. 5. This chapter does not apply in instances where an Interim Use Permit has been approved for an accessory dwelling unit in conjunction with a single- family home if the owner occupies the single-family home or the accessory dwelling unit. 6. This chapter does not apply to manufactured homes that are occupied by the owner of the home even though the underlying lot may be leased by the owner occupant. . C. Applications. An application for license shall be made on a form provided by the City. The license application shall contain the following information: 1. Property Owner Information. a. The name, address, phone number, and complete information of the property owner if the owner is an individual. b. The name, address, phone number, and complete information of the at least one principal officer, manager or director, if the property owner is a business entity. i. Business entities seeking a license shall provide a list of all principal owners, officers, managers, and directors of the entity. 2. Property Contact Information. For single-family rental dwellings, the license applicant must provide a physical business address and 24-hour contact information for one person in any of the following categories. For all other types of rental dwellings, the applicant must provide 24-hour contact information for two people in any of the following categories. a. At least one owner of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit b. At least one person, if different from the owner, who is responsible for compliance with this and any other code requirement pertaining to the rental dwelling, such as a property manager, who must reside in the Twin Cities 7-County metropolitan area. c. Any of the owner’s agents responsible for management of the rental dwelling, such as a property management company and the name and contact information of a person at the property management company; or d. Any vendors and all vendees, if the rental dwelling is being sold pursuant to a contract for deed. 3. Number and Type of Rental Dwelling Units. The number of units and types of units (condominium, apartment, townhome, twin-home, single-family home, and the like) within the rental dwelling. 4. Principal Tenants. The name, telephone numbers, and addresses of principal tenants, if any are required. 5. Resident Agent Required. An operating license may not be issued or renewed for a nonresident owner of rental dwelling units (one who does not reside in any of the following Minnesota or Wisconsin counties: Goodhue, Dakota, Rice, Wabasha, Hennepin, Washington, Ramsey, Olmsted, Pierce, and St. Croix) unless such owner designates in writing to the Code compliance Official the name, address, and telephone number of his resident agent (someone who does resides in any of the following Minnesota or Wisconsin counties: Goodhue, Dakota, Rice, Wabasha, Hennepin, Washington, Ramsey, Olmstead, Pierce, and St. Croix) who is responsible for maintenance and upkeep and who is legally constituted and empowered to receive service of notice of violation of the provision of the City Code and to receive orders or process pursuant to law. The enforcement officer must be notified in writing of any change of resident agent or agent address or telephone number change within 10 days. This requirement may be waived if, in the Code Compliance Official’s determination, the owner not living in one of the above specific counties is nonetheless sufficiently accessible for the purposes of maintenance. D. Changes. 1. The Code Compliance Official must be notified in writing of any changes to the name(s) and contact information provided on the application. 2. A license is non-transferable. If there is a change in the ownership of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, a new license is required. 3. If changes are made in the number of type of units, the owner shall amend its license. E. Fees. 1. The application fee shall be determined by the City Council from time to time by Resolution and shall be paid at the time of application. 2. Renewal license fees, as set forth by City Council resolution, shall be due prior to the license expiration date. 3. In the cases of new, unlicensed dwellings, license fees shall be due upon issuance of the certificate of occupancy. 4. In the case of initial licensing, license fees shall be due prior to issuance of the respective license and are due within 30 days of the date of the invoice. 5. In the case of licensing period of less than one (1) year, license fees may be prorated as set forth by City Council resolution. 6. The license fee shall include the initial inspection and one (1) follow-up inspection. A fee, established by City Council ordinance, shall be charged for any reinspection or attempted reinspection required, whether due to the failure of the reinspection, the Rental Housing Inspector’s inability to gain access to the dwelling at the time of attempted reinspection, or otherwise, and must be paid before a license will be issued. 7. Failure to submit an affidavit as required by this Chapter or an operating license, will subject the owner of a dwelling unit to an administrative service charge up to $250.00. 8. A license fee paid later than ten working days after the prescribed date is subject to an additional administrative service charge up to $250.00. 9. Once issued, a license is nontransferable and the license is not entitled to a refund or any license fee upon revocation or suspension, or transfer of ownership. F. Tenant Register. As a condition of the license, the applicant must, as a continuing obligation, maintain a current register of tenants and other persons who have a lawful right to occupancy of a rental dwelling unit. In its application, the applicant must designate the name of the person or persons who will have possession of the register and must promptly notify the Code Compliance Official of any change in the identity, address, or telephone numbers of such person. The register must be available for inspection by city officials at all times. G. Notification Requirements for Public Hearings. The owner must, as a continuing obligation of the license, provide written notice to tenants or in the alternative, post the written notice in the lobby or common area of the rental dwelling for any public hearing received by the owner that pertains to the property on which the rental dwelling is located or any adjacent right-of-way. H. Display of License Certificate. The license certificate must be exhibited in a conspicuous place at or near the entrance to the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit. For buildings containing more than three rental dwelling units, the certificate must be displayed in the rental office or other common area accessible to all tenants of the licensed building. I. Rental Density for Single-Family, Townhome, and Twin-Home Rental Dwellings. 1. In a low-density residential zoning district (5 units or less per acre), no more than 10% of the lots on any block shall be eligible to obtain a rental license, unless a temporary license is granted by the City Council as provided herein. Table 1 indicates how many lots per block are able to be licensed as a rental property based on the lots that existing on the block. Table 1 Lots/Block Rental Dwelling Units Allowed 1-14 1 15-24 2 25-34 3 35-44 4 45-54 5 55-64 6 65-74 7 75-84 8 85-94 9 2. The following guidelines shall apply to determine eligible blocks and lots. a. If a block contains more than one type of zoning district, only the lots within the low-density residential zoning district shall be included in the calculation of the total number of lots per block. b. Commercial or industrial uses located within or adjacent to a low- density residential zoning district shall not be included in the calculation of the total number of lots per block. c. If the number of rental dwelling units meet or exceed the permitted number of rental dwelling units per defined block on or after the effective date of this chapter, no additional rental licenses shall be approved for the block, unless a temporary license is granted by the City Council as provided herein. Existing rental licenses may be renewed; however, should a rental license not be renewed, or if the rental license is revoked or lapses, the rental license shall not be reinstated unless it is in conformance with this subchapter and other applicable sections of the City Code. d. If the number of rental properties meets or exceeds the permitted number of rental properties per defined block on the effective date of this chapter, a property owner may request a temporary license to allow an additional rental property for that block. The Council may grant or deny a temporary license in its sole discretion. Persons requiring a temporary license must make an annual application to the City. No property owner shall hold a temporary license for the same property for more than two consecutive years. J. Tenant background checks and lease agreements. Upon request, the applicant must provide a copy of third party or comparable background checks for tenants and a copy of the lease. K. Contracts for deed. A property sold pursuant to a contract for deed must be recorded against the property or the property will be deemed a rental property and a license will be required. L. Investigations. 1. For all new applications, a background investigation will be conducted on the property owner listed on the application. The City may request additional information from the license applicant regarding all property owners, if the property is owned by individuals or regarding all officers, managers or directors, if the property is owned by a business entity, and may conduct additional background investigations as it deems necessary. The application shall pay a background investigation fee for each background investigation conducted. 2. For renewal applications, background investigations are not required and no background investigation fee shall be required; however, the Police Department or other city staff may conduct a background investigation at is sole discretion. 118.04: RESPONSIBILITY FOR ACTS OF MANAGER Licensees are responsible for the acts or omissions of their managers as it pertains to the rental dwelling. 118.05: MAINTENANCE STANDARDS. A. Every rental dwelling shall be maintained in accordance with the building standards of Chapter 40 of Title IV and Chapters 80-82 of Title VIII in the City Code. B. It is the responsibility of the licensee to assure that every rental dwelling and rental dwelling unit is maintained in compliance with all city ordinances and state laws. C. License hearing. Upon the occurrence of 5 violations of the above-stated provisions multiplied by the total number of rental dwelling units per complex within a 12-month period, or a violation of an established mitigation plan, the City Council may hold a license hearing pursuant to Section 118.07 for consideration of suspension, revocation, or conversion to a provisional license. Depending on the circumstances, nature and severity of the violation, the City Council may hold a license hearing for fewer than 5 violations, if deemed appropriate. D. Inspections. No operating license may be issued or renewed unless the City determines, following an inspection conducted pursuant to this section, that the rental dwelling unit and its premises conform to the City’s Property Maintenance Code (“PMC”). As more specifically provided below, the Code Compliance Official and their designees may cause inspections, follow-up inspections, and reinspections on rental dwelling units on all classes of property within the City on a scheduled basis, and on rental dwelling units on all classes of property when reason exists to believe that a violation of an applicable subdivision of the PMC exists, has been, or is being committed. 1. The Code Compliance Official and their designees are authorized to contact owners, tenants, and managers of rental dwellings to schedule inspections of rental dwellings at reasonable times. They are also authorized to conduct those inspections once scheduled. These scheduled inspections will be conducted to determine whether the rental dwelling unit and its premises conform to the PMC and all other applicable City Code so as to inform the City’s decision of whether to issue an operating license. The authority to schedule and to conduct these inspections is available even if the owner or owner’s agent holds a temporary or provisional license, and without regard to whether the owner or owner’s agent has filed an application for an operating license. 2. Upon receipt of a properly executed application for an operating license, the Code Compliance Official shall cause an inspection to be made of the premises to determine whether the structure is in compliance with the PMC. Inspections performed pursuant to the authority in paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 of this subsection are hereinafter described as “Licensing Inspections.” 3. The Code Compliance Official and their designees are authorized to conduct inspections of rental dwelling units on all classes of property when reason exists to believe that a violation of an applicable subdivision of the PMC exists, has been, or is being committed. A complaint or complaints from a tenant of a rental dwelling unit shall be an adequate basis for a reinspection of an rental dwelling unit. 4. To increase the awareness by owners of the likely timing of requested inspections and to conserve public resources, the Code Compliance Official may schedule and conduct inspections pursuant to paragraph 1 according to the area of the City in which the unit is located, dividing the City into zones and endeavoring to perform inspections pursuant to paragraph 1 in one zone before beginning them in a different zone. 5. If a structure or rental dwelling unit is not in compliance, one or more follow- up inspections or reinspections may be conducted to verify that conditions and any corrections conform to the provisions to the PMC. 6. When the basis for the inspection pursuant to this section is information observed or obtained during a Licensing Inspection, such reinspection or follow-up inspections shall be conducted on a scheduled basis. 7. When scheduling Licensing Inspections pursuant to this chapter, the Code Compliance Official or their designee will seek the consent of the owner of the property (if not already received) to inspect those areas outside of the rental dwelling unit that are not accessible to the general public (including any internal rooms that are inaccessible to the public, such as storage or mechanical rooms) and to unrented dwelling units, and the consent of the primary tenant of the rental dwelling unit (if not already received) to inspect the Unit. If the property owner demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Code Compliance Official or their designee that one more tenants have consented in writing to the inspection of their units, individual contact by the City with those tenants may be deemed unnecessary. a. For the purposes of satisfying paragraph 7, owners of rental dwelling units shall report to the City the full names, telephone numbers, and addresses of the principal tenant of all rental dwelling units under their ownership or control, and update such information as needed to ensure that it is accurate and current. 8. If the City is unsuccessful in securing consent for an inspection pursuant to this chapter, the City shall seek permission, from a judicial officer through an administrative warrant, for its Code Compliance Official and their designees to conduct an inspection. Nothing in this Code shall limit or constrain the authority of the judicial officer to condition or limit the scope of the administrative warrant. 9. The scope of a Licensing Inspection shall be limited to what is necessary to determine in accordance with this chapter whether the rental dwelling unit and its premises conform to the PMC and other applicable City Code. This shall not preclude the enforcement officer from relying upon observations from a Licensing Inspection in seeking one ore more of the remedies provided in Chapter 118. 10. A Licensing inspection must be scheduled during ordinary business hours or as otherwise arranged with the owner or tenant. Owners and their agents and tenants may at their option request that Licensing Inspections above take place only when they are present, so long as the request identified at least one date or time within the two weeks following the date of the request when the requesting party agrees to be present. 11. During inspections conducted pursuant to an administrative warrant, photographs and video recordings may not be taken of areas inside the building, absent further court permission or consent of the tenant (for areas inside the unit) or the landlord (for areas inside the building but outside a tenant’s unit, and areas inside an unoccupied unit). 12. Inspectors are not authorized to open containers, drawers, or medicine cabinets, unless the containers, drawer, or medicine cabinets are opened with the consent of the tenant (for areas inside the rental dwelling unit) or the landlord (for areas inside the building but outside a tenant’s unit, and areas inside an unoccupied unit). For purposes of this paragraph, a medicine cabinet is a covered cabinet located above a sink in a dwelling unit’s bathroom. 13. Inspectors are authorized to open cabinets (other than medicine cabinets) or closets only when because of their location, those closets or cabinets, when unopened, appear to contain one or more water or waste water pipes, or fuses, or exposed electrical wiring, and it is reasonably necessary in order to inspect for the existence of one or more conditions that violations the PMC, or when the cabinets or closets are opened with the consent of the tenant (for areas inside the unit) or the landlord (for areas inside the building but outside a tenant’s unit, and areas inside an unoccupied unit). 14. The information regarding the condition of the unit or its occupants that inspectors retain after recording it in any inspection logs or forms shall be limited to descriptions of conditions constituting a violation of the PMC. Inspectors may record a list of conditions that the landlord or tenant is encouraged to repair or change but which do not constitute a violation of the PMC, if that list is not retained by the inspector or City bit is instead simply given to the landlord or tenant. 15. The City may not upload to a GIS system any data regarding the results of inspections conducted pursuant to this Chapter. 16. The City will not share information regarding the condition of the unit or its occupants obtained through inspections conducted pursuant to this Chapter with any current member of the Corcoran Police Department or former member of that Department not service as a housing inspector for the City, any sheriff’s office, or any law enforcement agency of another jurisdiction, or enable their discovery by such person or agency, unless a. Such disclosure is required by law, or b. Such disclosure to such person or agency is needed to abate an active or inactive methamphetamine lab, mistreatment of one or more minors in violation of Minn. Stat. Section 609.377 or .378, mistreatment of one or more vulnerable adults in violation of Minn. Stat. Section 609.23 through .233, or mistreatment of one or more animals in violation of Minn. Stat. Section 343.21; or c. If an owner or occupant of a unit has made an express or implied threat of bodily harm, causing the inspector to be concerned for his or her welfare, and the disclosure is made for the purpose of enabling gone or more law enforcement officers to accompany the inspector in the completion of the inspection or the full performance of their duties. 17. The City will not share information regarding the condition of the unit or its occupants obtained through inspections conducted pursuant to this Chapter with any current or former member of a non-law enforcement agency (not including the Corcoran City Government, Corcoran City Attorney, or a court), or enable their discovery by such person or agency, unless such disclosure is required by law. E. Inspection Not Required. Inspection for the issuance or renewal of a license may be waived by the City if the owner of a dwelling unit proves that within the previous 12 months the dwelling unit passed an inspection required by the City, State, or Federal regulations that is at least as stringent as the inspection required under this Chapter. The City has sole discretion to determine when an inspection program is at least as stringent as the inspection required under this Chapter. Inspections conducted as the result of a complaint made to the City may not be waived under this provision. 118.06: CONDUCT ON LICENSED PREMISES A. For purposes of this section, a premise is disorderly at which any of the following activities occur: 1. Conduct which constitutes a violation of Chapter 82:04, Subd. 5 of this code relating to noisy parties and other unnecessary and loud noises. 2. Conduct which constitutes a violation of laws relating to the possession of controlled substances, as defined in Minnesota statutes 152.01 et seq. 3. Conduct which violates laws relating to disorderly conduct as defined in Minnesota statutes 609.72. 4. Conduct which violates laws relating to consumption of alcohol under the age of 21 as defined in Minnesota Statue 340A.503, or violation of laws relating to the sale of intoxicating liquor as defined in Minnesota statutes 340A.701 – 340A.703. 5. Conduction which constitutes a violation of laws relating to prostitution or acts related to prostitution as defined in Minnesota statutes 609.321, Subdivision 9. 6. Conduct which constitutes a violation of Minnesota statutes 609.595 relating to criminal damage to property. 7. Conduct which constitutes a violation of laws relating to terroristic threats as defined in Minnesota statute 609.713. B. A premise is not considered disorderly in instances where a tenant calls for emergency assistance. C. The Code Compliance Official is responsible for administration of this section. The authority to take any action authorized under this section may be delegated to the Code Compliance Official’s authorized designee or designees. D. Upon determination by the Code Compliance Official that a rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit was used in a disorderly manner, as described in subsection A of this section, the Code Compliance Official or his/her designee, shall give notices to the licensee and the renters of the rental dwelling unit affected, of the violation and direct the licensee to take steps to prevent further violations. E. If another instance of disorderly use of the rental unit registered premises occurs within 12 months of an incident for which a notice in subsection D was given, the Code Compliance Official, or his/her designee, shall notify the licensee and the renters of the affected rental dwelling unit of the violation and shall require the licensee to submit a written report of the actions taken, and actions proposed to be taken, by the registration holder to prevent further disorderly use of the premises. This report shall be submitted to the Code Compliance Official, or his/her authorized designee, within 5 days of receipt of the notice of disorderly use of the premises, and shall detail all action taken by the licensee in response to all notices of disorderly use of the premises within the preceding 12 months. F. If a third instance of disorderly use of a rental dwelling unit occurs within 12 months, the rental dwelling license for the rental dwelling may be denied, revoked, suspended, or not renewed if the actions proposed to be undertaken by the licensee pursuance to subsection E of this section are inadequate and/or are not being diligently pursued. An action to deny, revoke, suspend, or not renew a license under this section shall be initiated by the Code Compliance official, or his/her designee, pursuant to the procedures set out in Chapter 118.07 of this Code. G. A determination that the registered premises have been used in a disorderly manner as described in subsection A of this section shall be made upon a fair preponderance of the evidence to support such a determination. It shall not be necessary that criminal charges be brought in order to support a determination of disorderly use, but the incident must have resulted in the police being called to the rental dwelling unit and a police report being prepared. H. For purposes of this chapter, “disorderly use of the rental dwelling unit” shall mean disorderly use in the particular rental unit by the renters, occupants, or guests or conduct by the tenants which constitutes disorderly use anywhere on the property of the apartment building, home, or mobile park in which the rental unit is situated. I. No adverse license action shall be imposed where the instance of disorderly use of the licensed rental dwelling unit occurred during the pendency of eviction proceedings (unlawful detailer), or within 30 days of notice give by the licensee to a tenant to vacate the premises where the disorderly use was related to conduct by that tenant or by other occupants or guests of the tenant’s unit. Eviction proceedings shall be a bar to adverse license action however, if the eviction proceedings are not diligent pursued by the licensee. Further, an action to deny, revoke, suspend, or not renew a license based upon violations of this section may be postponed of discontinued at any time if it appears that the licensee has taken appropriate measures which will prevent further instances of disorderly use. 118.07: LICENSE DENIAL, SUSPENSION, OR REVOCATION A. The City reserves the right not to license a rental dwelling unless the rental dwelling or rental dwelling units for which licensing is sought complies with the requirements of this chapter. B. Any license issued under this chapter is subject to the right, which is hereby expressly reserved by the City, to suspend, revoke, or fail to renew the same should the licensee or their agents, employees, representatives, or lessees directly or indirectly operate or maintain the rental dwellings contrary to the provisions of this chapter, other than chapter 118.06, or any other ordinance of the city or any special permit issued by the city, or the laws of the state. Provided, however, a license shall not be suspended, revoked, or failed to be renewed if the registration holder complies with a compliance order or orders in a timely manner. C. The Code Compliance Official or his/her designee, shall notify, in writing, the applicant that his/her license has been denied, or the licensee that his/her license is being suspended, removed, or nonrenewed. The suspension revocation or nonrenewal shall occur 35 days after the date of the order, or at such later date as set out in the order. The notice shall be served by mailing a copy of the order to the property owner, and the designated local property manager, if any, as indicated in the records on file with the City. D. The licensee, or designated agent, shall have the right to request a hearing before the City Council by filing a written appeal from the order at the office of the City Clerk within 15 days of the date of the order. The timely filing of the written appeal shall stay the enforcement of the order until the appeals process is completed. E. The licensee shall receive at least 7 days’ written notice of the hearing date before the Council and, at the hearing, the licensee, the local managing agent, or an attorney representing the licensee may present evident. After the hearing, the Council may uphold the decision of the Code Compliance Official, or his/her designee, reverse the decision of the Code Compliance Official, or his/her designee, or enter a different order with different conditions if the City Council deems it necessary to protect the public health, sanitation, safety, or general welfare of the community at large or the residents of rental dwellings in the City. The City Council shall issue written findings of fact and its order within 20 days of the hearing. F. A reinstatement fee will be charged to the owner of a rental property where the license has been revoked. Before issuing a license, any code violations or deficiencies must be corrected prior to inspection and any outstanding fees must be paid in full. G. Violations. A violation of this chapter is a misdemeanor. However, the City may issue an administrative citation. H. Notification of tenants. Upon suspension, revocation, or denial of a license, or if the rental dwelling is not licensed, the City will notify all affected tenants. 118.08: SUMMARY ACTION A. Emergency. When the conduct of any owner or owner’s agent, representative, employee or lessee, or the condition of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, or the property in or on which it is located, is detrimental to the public health, sanitation, safety and general welfare of the community, or residents of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit so as to constitute a nuisance, fire hazard, or other unsafe or dangerous condition and thus give rise to an emergency, the Code Compliance Official has the authority to summarily condemn or close individual rental dwelling units or areas of the rental dwelling as the Code Compliance Official deems necessary. B. Notice. Notice of summary action will be posted at the units or areas affected and will describe the units or areas affected. No person shall remove the posted notice, other than the Code Compliance Official or Building Official or their designee. C. Appeal. Any personal aggrieved by a decision or action of the Code Compliance Official or their designee to condemn all or part of a rental dwelling shall be entitled to appeal to the Council by filing a notice of appeal with the City Administrator. The Administrator must schedule a date for hearing before the Council and notify the aggrieved person of the date. 118.09: POSTED TO PREVENT OCCUPANY. Whenever any rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit is found to be unfit for human habitation, it shall be posted by the Code Compliance Official or their designee on the door of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, whichever the case may be, to prevent further occupancy. No person, other than the Code Compliance Official or their designee, shall remove or alter any posting. The Code Compliance Office or their designee will post the date the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit shall be vacated, and no person shall reside in, occupy, or cause to be occupied that rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit until the Code Compliance Official or Council permits it. 118.10: NO WARRANTY BY CITY. By enacting and undertaking to enforce this chapter, neither the City, nor its Council, agents, or employees warrant or guaranty the safety, fitness or suitability of any rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit in the City. Owners and occupants should take appropriate steps to protect their interests, health, safety, and welfare. maintainalowertemperature. Theinstallationofoneormore portablespaceheatersshallnotbeusedtoachievecompliancewith thissection. H. ElectricalCordsinRentalProperties. Temporarywiring, extension cordsordropcordsmaynotbeusedaspermanentwiring. I. Discontinuance ofBasicServicesorUtilitiesinRentalProperties. An Owner, Operator, orOccupantmaynotpermitanyserviceorutility neededforafurnacetoprovideheat tobeshutofffromordiscontinued foranyoccupiedDwellingor Dwelling Unitletoroccupied, exceptfor suchtemporaryinterruptionsasmaybenecessarywhileactualrepairs oralterationsareinprocess, orduringtemporaryemergencies. J. OccupancyStandards. Themaximum permissibleoccupancy ofa rentalDwellingUnitisdeterminedasfollows: 1. Minimumspace. ForthefirsttwoOccupants, 220squarefeetof HabitableRoomfloorspaceandforeveryadditional Occupant thereof, atleast100squarefeetofHabitableRoomfloorspace. 2. Maximumoccupancy. Thetotalnumberof Occupantsmaynot exceedtwotimesthenumberofHabitableRooms, lessKitchen, in theDwellingUnit. SECTION 4.04. RENTALDWELLINGLICENSINGCODE. Subd. 1. InspectionandLicensingofRentalDwellings. A. Rentaldwellingslicense. Nopersonmayoperate, let, orcausetobelet, arentalDwellingUnitwithoutfirsthavingobtained anoperating license ortemporarypermittodosofromtheCityashereinafterprovided. 1. TheownerofarentalDwellingUnitmustobtainatemporary permitif theyhavenotreceivedanoperatinglicense. Thereisnofeeandno inspectionisnecessaryforatemporarypermit. Atemporarypermit issuedbeforepublicationofthisordinanceisvaliduntilanoperating licenseisobtained, orten years (120 months) afteritsissuance, whicheverisearlier. Atemporarypermitissuedafterpublicationof thisordinance expiresafter24months (subjecttotheenforcement officer’sauthoritytoextendthedeadline). Innocaseisatemporary permit validformorethantenyears (120months). 2. Eachoperatinglicenseshall bevalidforaperiodoften years (120 months) andshallexpireattheendofthetenyears (120months). 4-16 Updated08-12-2014) Red Wing Sample Ordinance 3. Alicenserenewalapplication shallbefiledatleast60dayspriorto licenseexpirationdate, unlesstheCityhasalreadyrenewedthat licensebaseduponascheduledinspection conductedpursuantto section3(a) below. B. PermitandLicenseExemption. 1. TheownerofarentalDwellingUnitisexemptedfromthepermitting andlicensing requirements ofthissectioniftherenteroftheDwelling Unitisrelatedtotheownerasaparent, child, sibling, grandparent, grandchild, step-parent, step-child, step-grandparent, orstep- grandchild andtheowner filesanaffidavit withtheCitystatingthatthe renterisoneoftheserelations. Theaffidavitrequiredinthis paragraph mustalsostatetheaddressofthedwellingandmustbe renewedatleasteverytenyears (120months). 2. TheownermustnotifytheCityinwritingwithin 30daysofthis exemptionbeinglostbecausetherenterisnotrelatedtotheowner asoneoftheabove-referenced relations. C. RentalDwellingInspections. Nooperatinglicensemay beissuedor renewedunlesstheCitydetermines, followinganinspection conducted pursuanttothissection, thattheRentalDwelling Unitanditspremises conformtotheHousingMaintenance Code (“HMC”). Asmore specificallyprovidedbelow, theenforcementofficerandhisorher agentsmaycauseinspections, follow-upinspections, andreinspections onRentalDwellingUnitsonallclassesofpropertywithintheCityona scheduledbasis, andonRentalDwellingUnitsorowner-occupied residentialunitsonallclasses ofpropertywhenreasonexiststobelieve thataviolationofanapplicablesubdivisionoftheHMCexists, hasbeen, orisbeingcommitted. 1. TheCityenforcementofficerandhisorheragentsareauthorized to contactowners, tenantsandmanagers ofrentaldwellingsto scheduleinspectionsofrentaldwellings atreasonabletimes. They arealsoauthorizedtoconductthoseinspectionsoncescheduled. Thesescheduledinspectionswillbeconductedtodeterminewhether theUnitanditspremisesconformtotheHMCsoastoinformthe City’sdecisionofwhether toissueanoperatinglicense. The authoritytoschedule andtoconducttheseinspections isavailable eveniftheownerorowner’sagentholdsatemporarypermit, and withoutregardtowhethertheownerorowner’sagenthasfiledan application foranoperatinglicense. 2. Inaddition, uponreceiptofaproperly executedapplicationforan operatinglicense, theenforcement officershallcauseaninspection 4-17 Updated08-12-2014) tobemadeofthepremisestodeterminewhetherthestructureisin compliancewiththeHMC. Inspectionsperformed pursuanttothe authorityinsubsection (a) orsubsection (b) arehereinafterdescribed as “Licensing Inspections.” 3. Inaddition, theCityenforcementofficerandhisor heragentsare authorizedtoconductinspectionsonRentalDwellingUnitsorowner- occupiedresidentialunitsonallclassesofproperty whenreason existstobelievethataviolation ofanapplicablesubdivision ofthe HMCexists, hasbeen, orisbeingcommitted. Acomplaintor complaints fromatenantofaRentalDwelling Unitshallbean adequatebasisforareinspection ofaRentalDwellingUnit. 4. Toincreasetheawarenessbyownersofthelikelytimingof requestedinspectionsandtoconservepublicresources, theCity enforcement officermayscheduleandconductinspectionspursuant tosubsection (a) accordingtotheareaoftheCityinwhichtheunitis located, dividingtheCityintozonesandendeavoring toperform inspectionspursuant tosubsection (a) inonezonebeforebeginning theminadifferentzone. 5. IfastructureorRentalDwellingUnitisnotincompliance, oneor morefollow-upinspectionsorreinspectionsmaybeconductedto verifythatconditionsandanycorrectionsconform totheprovisions oftheHMC. 6. Whenthebasisfortheinspectionpursuanttothissectionis information observedorobtainedduringaLicensingInspection, such reinspectionorfollow-upinspectionshallbeconductedona scheduledbasis. 7. Ownersof RentalDwellingUnitsshallreporttotheCitythefull names, telephonenumbersandaddressesoftheprincipaltenantof allRentalDwellingUnitsundertheirownershiporcontrol, and updatesuchinformation asneededtoensurethatitisaccurateand current. 8. WhenschedulingLicensingInspections pursuanttothissection, the Cityenforcementofficerorhisorheragentswillseektheconsentof theowneroftheproperty (ifnotalreadyreceived) toinspectthose areasoutsideofRentalDwellingUnitsthatarenotaccessible tothe generalpublic (includinganyinternalroomsthatareinaccessibleto thepublic, suchasstorageormechanicalrooms) andtounrented DwellingUnits, andtheconsentoftheprimarytenantoftheRental DwellingUnit (ifnotalreadyreceived) toinspectthatUnit. Ifthe propertyownerdemonstrates tothesatisfaction oftheCity 4-18 Updated08-12-2014) enforcement officerorhisorheragentsthatoneormoretenants haveconsentedinwriting totheinspectionoftheirunits, individual contacts bytheCitywiththosetenantsmaybedeemed unnecessary. 9. IftheCityisunsuccessful insecuringconsentforaninspection pursuanttothissection, theCityshall seekpermission, froma judicialofficerthroughanadministrative warrant, forits enforcement officerorhisorheragentstoconductaninspection. Nothinginthis Codeshalllimitorconstraintheauthorityofthejudicialofficerto conditionorlimitthescopeoftheadministrative warrant. 10. ThescopeofaLicensingInspectionshallbelimited towhatis necessarytodetermineinaccordancewiththissubdivisionwhether theUnitanditspremisesconform totheHMC. Thisshallnot precludetheenforcement officerfromrelyinguponobservationsfrom aLicensingInspectioninseekingoneormoreoftheremedies providedinSection4.04Subd. 2. 11. ALicensingInspectionmustbescheduledduringordinarybusiness hours (orasotherwisearrangedwiththeownerortenant). Owners andtheiragents, andtenants, mayattheiroptionrequestthat LicensingInspections abovetakeplaceonlywhentheyarepresent, solongastherequestidentifies atleastonedateortimewithinthe twoweeksfollowingthedateoftherequestwhentherequesting partyagreestobepresent. 12. Duringinspectionsconductedpursuanttoanadministrativewarrant, photographsandvideorecordings maynotbetakenofareasinside thebuilding, absentfurthercourtpermission orconsentofthetenant forareasinsidetheunit) orthelandlord (forareasinsidethebuilding butoutsideatenant’sunit, andareasinsideanunoccupiedunit). 13. Inspectors arenotauthorizedtoopencontainers, drawers, or medicinecabinets, unlessthecontainers, drawers, ormedicine cabinetsareopenedwiththeconsentofthetenant (forareasinside theunit) orthelandlord (forareasinsidethebuildingbutoutsidea tenant’sunit, andareasinsideanunoccupied unit). Forpurposesof thisparagraph, amedicinecabinetisacoveredcabinetlocated aboveasinkinadwellingunit’sbathroom. 14. Inspectorsareauthorizedtoopencabinets (otherthanmedicine cabinets) orclosetsonlywhen becauseoftheirlocation, those closetsorcabinets, whenunopened, appeartocontainoneormore waterorwastewaterpipes, orfuses, orexposed electricalwiring, anditisreasonablynecessaryinordertoinspectfortheexistenceof 4-19 Updated08-12-2014) oneormoreconditionsthatviolatestheHMC, orwhenthecabinets orclosetsareopened withtheconsentofthetenant (forareasinside theunit) orthelandlord (forareasinsidethebuildingbutoutsidea tenant’sunit, andareasinsideanunoccupiedunit). 15. Theinformationregarding theconditionoftheunitoritsoccupants thatinspectorsretain afterrecordingitinanyinspectionlogsorforms shallbelimitedtodescriptions ofconditionsconstituting aviolationof theHMC. Inspectors mayrecordalistofconditionsthatthelandlord ortenantisencouragedtorepairorchangebutwhichdonot constituteaviolationofthe HMC, ifthatlistis notretainedbythe inspectororCitybutisinsteadsimplygiventothelandlordortenant. 16. TheCitymaynotuploadtoaGISsystemanydataregardingthe results ofinspectionsconducted pursuant tothisSection. 17. TheCitywillnotshareinformationregardingtheconditionoftheunit oritsoccupants obtainedthroughinspections conducted pursuantto thisSectionwithanycurrentmemberoftheRedWingPolice DepartmentorformermemberofthatDepartmentnotservingasa housinginspector fortheCity, anysheriff’soffice, oranylaw- enforcementagencyofanotherjurisdiction, orenabletheirdiscovery bysuchpersonoragency, unless a) suchdisclosureisrequiredbylaw, or b) suchdisclosuretosuchpersonoragencyisneededtoabatean activeorinactivemethamphetamine lab, mistreatmentofoneor moreminorsinviolationofMinn. Stat. Section609. 377or .378, mistreatment ofoneormorevulnerableadultsinviolationof Minn. Stat. Section609.23through .233, ormistreatmentofone ormoreanimalsinviolationofMinn. Stat. Section343. 21; or c) ifanowneroroccupantofaunithasmadeanexpressorimplied threatofbodilyharm, causingtheinspectortobeconcernedfor hisorherwelfare, andthedisclosureismade forthepurposeof enablingoneormorelawenforcement officerstoaccompany the inspectorinthecompletionoftheinspectionorthefull performanceofhisorherduties. TheCitywillnotshareinformationregardingtheconditionoftheunit oritsoccupantsobtained throughinspectionsconductedpursuantto thisSectionwithanycurrentorformer memberofanon-law- enforcement agency (notincludingtheRedWingCityGovernment, RedWingCityAttorney, oracourt), orenabletheirdiscoveryby suchpersonoragency, unless suchdisclosureisrequiredbylaw. 4-20 Updated08-12-2014) D. Inspection NotRequired. Inspectionfortheissuanceorrenewalofa licensemaybewaivedbytheCityiftheownerofadwellingunitproves thatwithintheprevious12monthsthedwellingunitpassedan inspectionrequiredbytheCity, State, orFederalregulationsthatisat leastasstringentastheinspectionrequiredunderthissection. TheCity hassolediscretiontodetermine whenaninspectionprogramisatleast asstringent astheinspection requiredunderthissection. Inspections conductedastheresultofacomplaintmadetotheCitymaynotbe waivedunderthisprovision. E. Application Contents. Owners ofoneormore RentalDwellingUnits whohavenotyetreceived a temporary permit oroperating licenseare responsible forapplyingwiththeCityforeitheratemporarypermitoran operatinglicense. Beforeanyportion ofapropertyisusedasaRental DwellingUnit, theownermustfirstsecureeitheratemporarypermitor anoperating license. Witheitherapplication, theownermustsupply: 1. Name, address, andtelephone numberofdwellingowner, owning partnersifapartnership, corporateofficersifacorporation; 2. Name, address, andtelephonenumberofdesignatedresidentagent, if any; 3. Name, address, and telephonenumberofvendor, iftheswellingis beingsoldthroughacontractfordeed; 4. Legaladdressofthedwelling; 5. Numberofdwellingunitswithinthedwelling; 6. Atleastoneemergencytelephone number; 7. Thenames, telephonenumbersandaddressesofprincipal tenants, ifany, arerequiredinSection3above. F. Following Acquisition. Anewownermustregisteranewlyacquired rentalresidentialpropertywithintendaysafteracquiringit, byapplying foreitheratemporarylicenseoranoperatinglicense. Theenforcement officermustbenotifiedofanyaddresschangewithintendays. G. AdministrativeCharge. Failuretoobtain eitheratemporarypermitas requiredbythissection, oranoperatinglicense, willsubjecttheowner ofadwellingunittoanadministrative servicechargeupto $250.00. 4-21 Updated08-12-2014) H. LicenseandInspectionFees. Thelicenseandinspectionfeesare chargedatthetimeoftheissuanceoftherespective licenseandare duewithin30days ofthedateoftheinvoice; inthecasesofnewly constructedresidentialunlicensedRentalDwellingUnits, licensefees aredueuponissuanceofthecertificateofoccupancy; inthecasesof licensingperiodsoflessthantwoyears, licensefeeswillbepro-rated monthly. Alicensefeepaidlaterthantenworkingdaysafterthe prescribeddateissubject toanadditional administrativeservice charge doubletheamountofthelicense. Onceissued, alicenseis nontransferable andthelicenseeisnotentitledtoarefundofany licensefeeuponrevocationorsuspension, ortransferofownership. LicenseandinspectionfeesshallbeasestablishedbytheCityCouncil. I. ResidentAgentRequired. Anoperatinglicensemaynotbeissuedor renewedforanonresidentownerofrentaldwellingunits (onewhodoes notresideinanyofthefollowingMinnesotaorWisconsincounties: Goodhue, Dakota, Rice, Wabasha, Hennepin, Washington, Ramsey, Olmsted, PierceandSt. Croix) unlesssuchownerdesignatesinwriting totheenforcementofficerthename, address, andtelephonenumber of hisresidentagent (onewhodoesresideinanyofthefollowing Minnesota orWisconsincounties: Goodhue, Dakota, Rice, Wabasha, Hennepin, Washington, Ramsey, Olmsted, PierceandSt. Croix) whois responsibleformaintenance andupkeepandwhoislegallyconstituted andempoweredtoreceiveserviceofnotice ofviolationoftheprovisions oftheCityCodeandtoreceiveordersorprocesspursuanttolaw. The enforcementofficermustbenotifiedinwritingofanychangeofresident agentoragentaddress ortelephonenumberchangewithin10days. Thisrequirementmaybewaivedif, intheenforcement officer’s determination, theownernotlivinginoneoftheabovespecified counties isnonetheless sufficiently accessibleforthepurposesofthe HMC. J. ParticipationinCrime-Free Multi-HousingProgram. Allowners of RentalDwellingUnitsmustparticipate intheCrime-FreeMulti-Housing Program. Participation isacondition precedentto therenewalofan operatinglicense. Forthepurposesofthissection, “participation” meansdocumented attendance ataCity-approvededucationalprogram thataddresses crimepreventionandhousingissues. K. PostingofPermitorLicense. Thecurrenttemporary permitoroperating licenseofamultipledwellingunit, oralegiblecopythereof, mustbe conspicuously postedinthemainentry wayoraconspicuousexterior locationoftherespective multipledwellingunit. Inthecaseofone- familyandtwo-family dwellingunits, alegiblecopyofthecurrent temporarypermitoroperatinglicensemustbegiventotherenterof eachunit. 4-22 Updated08-12-2014) L. LicenseNotTransferable. Atemporarypermitoroperatinglicenseis nottransferable toanotherpersonortoanotherrentaldwelling. Every personholdingatemporarypermitoroperatinglicensemustgivenotice inwritingtotheenforcementofficerwithin72hoursafterhavinglegally transferredorotherwise disposedofthelegalcontrolofanypermittedor licensedrentaldwelling. Thenoticemustincludethenameandaddress ofthepersonsucceedingtotheownershiporcontrolofsuchrental dwelling ordwellings. Thepersonsucceeding totheownership or controloftherentaldwellingordwellingsmustobtainatemporary permitoroperating licenseinordertocontinueoperatingtherental dwelling ordwellings. Aninspectionisnotrequiredtoobtainthis temporarypermitoroperating licenseunlesstherentaldwellingor dwellingshavenotbeeninspectedwithinten years (120 months) ofthe transferofownership orcontrol. M. Violation. Anypersonthatmaintains arentaldwellingunitwithout havingeitheravalid temporarypermitoravalidoperatinglicense, or permits newoccupancyinviolationofthissubdivision, isguiltyofa misdemeanor, anduponconvictionissubjecttoafineandimprisonment asprescribedbystatelaw. Inaddition to, orinlieuof, charginga misdemeanor, theCitymayimposeanadministrative feeinanamount setintheCityFeeSchedule. Anadministrativefeemaybeappealed pursuanttosubdivision3ofthissection. Uponthefailuretoappealan administrativefeewithintheperiodestablished insubdivision3ofthis section, theCitymaypostthedwelling unitasillegalforhabitation. Thereafter, thedwelling unitmaynotbeoccupiedbyanyone otherthan theprimaryhomesteadownerandthatperson’simmediatefamilyuntil a) theadministrativefeehasbeenpaidand (b) arentallicenseis obtainedortheCityissatisfied thatthedwellingunitwillnotbeusedas arentaldwellingunit. Eachdayofeachviolationconstitutes aseparate offense. Subd. 2. Administration andEnforcement. A. Administration andEnforcement. Theenforcementofficerandhisorher agentsadministerandenforcetheprovisions oftheHMC. Theymay enforcethestandards oftheHMCthroughthelicensingandinspection programs setforthinSubd. 1and, whereappropriate, throughthe powerssetforthbelow. B. Authority. In the absenceofatimelyappeal undertheHMCorany otherapplicableprovisionoflaw, theenforcementofficeristhefinal authorityinthedeterminationofaviolationundertheHMC. 4-23 Updated08-12-2014) C. LicenseSuspensionandRevocation. Atemporarypermitoroperating licenseissubjecttosuspensionorrevocationbytheCityCouncilifthe holderfailstooperateormaintainpermittedorlicensedrentaldwellings andunitsthereinconsistentwiththeprovisionsoftheCityCodeandthe lawsoftheStateofMinnesota. Intheeventthatapermitorlicenseis suspended orrevokedbytheCityCouncil, orexpireswithoutrenewal, it isunlawfulfortheownerorhisdulyauthorizedagenttothereafterpermit anynewoccupancyofvacantorthereaftervacatedRentalDwelling Unitsuntilsuchtimeasavalidlicensemaybeobtained orrestoredby theCityCouncil. D. ComplianceOrder. Wheneveranenforcementofficerdeterminesthat anyrentaldwellingunit, orthepremisessurroundinganyofthese, fails tomeettheprovisionsoftheHMC, theofficermayissueacompliance ordersettingforththeviolations ofthecodeandorderingtheowner, occupant, operator, oragenttocorrectsuchviolations. Thecompliance ordermust: 1. Beinwriting; 2. DescribethelocationandnatureoftheviolationsoftheHMC; 3. Establishareasonabletime, nottoexceed90days, forthe correctionofsuchviolations. a) WhenaviolationoftheHMCconstitutesanimminent periltolife, health, orproperty, animmediateandexacttimeforthe correctionoftheviolationconstitutesa “reasonable time” for correctionforpurposesofthissubpart. Whenthisisthecase, no stayofproceedingsinfurtherance ofactionwillbegrantedon appeal. b) Areasonable timemaybelongerthan90daysifcorrectionisnot possiblebecauseofprevailingweatherconditions; 4. Includeinformationregarding theowner'srighttoappealtheorder andtheprocedure tobefollowedinfilingsuchanappealpursuantto section4.04, subdivision 3; 5. Statethatintheeventtheviolationsarenotcorrectedwithinthetime setinthecompliance order, thelicensemaybesuspendedorthat thenecessaryworkmaybe performedbytheCityattheexpenseof theownerandthat iftheownerdoesnotpayfortheexpense, the costoftheworkwillbeassessedagainsttheproperty. 4-24 Updated08-12-2014) 6. Beservedupontheowner orhisagentortheoccupant, asthecase mayrequire. Suchnoticeshallbedeemedtobeproperlyserved uponsuchowneroragent, oruponanysuchoccupant, ifacopy thereofis: a) Servedpersonally, or b) Deposited intheU.S. PostOfficeaddressedtotheownerathis lastknownaddresswithpostageprepaid, or c) Uponfailuretoaffectnoticebypersonalserviceorbymail, postedataconspicuousplaceinoraboutthedwellingwhichis affectedbythenotice. E. EmergencyCases. ForpurposesofsubpartD(3) above, situations whichconstituteanimminentperiltolife, health, orpropertyinclude, butarenotlimitedtothefollowing: 1. Heatingsystems thatareUnsafeasdefinedinSection4.03 Subd. 4dueto: burnedoutorrustedoutheatexchanges (fire box); burnedout, orplugged flues; notbeingvented; being connected withunsafegassupplies; orbeing incapableof adequatelyheatingthelivingspace. 2. WaterheatersthatareUnsafeasdefinedinSection4.03 Subd. 4 dueto: burnedoutorrustedoutheatexchanges (fire box); burnedout, rusted out, orpluggedflues; lackofproperventing; beingconnected withunsafegassupplies; orlackoftemperature andpressurereliefvalves. 3. ElectricalsystemsthatareUnsafe asdefinedinSection4.03 Subd. 4dueto: dangerousoverloading; damagedordeteriorated equipment; improperlytappedorsplicedwiring; improperor overloadedfuses; exposeuninsulatedwires; distribution systems ofextension cordsorothertemporarymethods; ungrounded appliances inahazardouscondition. 4. Plumbing systemsthatareUnsanitary dueto: a) leakingwastesystemsfixturesandtraps; b) lackofawatercloset; c) lackofwashingandbathingfacilities; 4-25 Updated08-12-2014) d) crossconnectionofpurewatersupplywithfixturesorsewage lines. 5. Structuralsystems, walls, chimneys, ceilings, roofs, foundations, andfloor systemsthatareUnsafeasdefinedinSection4.03 Subd. 4. 6. Refuse, garbage, humanwaste, decaying verminorotherdead animals, animalwaste, andothermaterialsthatareUnsanitary. 7. Infestationofrodents, insects, andothervermin. F. Follow-upInspection. Attheendoftheperiodallowedforthe correction ofaviolationspecified inthecomplianceorder, the enforcementofficershallmake, orattempttomake, afollow-up inspectionofthepremisestodetermine whethercorrectiveactions havebeensufficienttobringtheviolation(s) intocompliance. 1. Ifthepremisesareincompliance withtherequirementsofthis sectionatthetimeofthefollow-upinspection, a licensemaybe issuedinaccordancewiththerequirements ofsection4.04. 2. Iftheenforcementofficerdetermines thattheviolation(s) hasnot beencorrectedandtherentalunit(s) hasnotbeenvacated, the enforcementofficershallsuspendanyexistinglicense. The enforcementofficeralsomayissueacitationormayfileaformal complaintsummoningtheresponsible partyintocourt. The citationshallreiteratethechargeandtheordinancesection(s) violated. TheCitymayalsotakeactiontocorrectviolations undertheprovisionsofSection4.04, subdivision2, paragraphG. 3. Afterasuspension, thepropertyownermaypayareinspection feeandrequest areinspection andreinstatementofthelicense. Iftheenforcementofficerdetermines thattheviolation(s) has beencorrected andtherentalunit(s) andbuildingcomplywith HMC, thelicenseshallbereinstated. Feesforareinspection mayapplyasoutlinedintheCityFeeSchedule. G. ExecutionofComplianceOrdersbyPublic Authority. Uponthe failuretocomplywithacomplianceorderwithinthetimesettherein, therentalunit(s) notbeingvacated, andnoappealhavingbeen taken, thecriminalpenaltyestablishedhereundernotwithstanding, theCityCouncilmaybyresolutiondirecttheenforcementofficerto remedythedeficiency (deficiencies) citedinthecomplianceorder. Thecostofsuchremedyshallbealienagainstthesubjectreal estateandmaybeleviedandcollected asaspecialassessment in 4-26 Updated08-12-2014) themanner provided byMinnesota Statutes, Chapter429. Such actionwillnotbetaken, however, withoutagoodfaitheffortonthe partoftheCitytoprovidethepropertyownerwithadvancenoticeof itsintentiontoproceedwithrepairsandassessment ofthecostsof repairstotaxes. H. NoWarrantybyCity. Byenactingandundertakingtoenforcethe HMCneithertheCitynoritsCouncil, agentsoremployeeswarrantor guaranteethesafety, fitnessorsuitabilityofanydwellingintheCity. Ownersoroccupantsshouldtakewhatever stepstheydeem appropriatetoprotect theirinterests, health, safetyandwelfare. A warninginsubstantially theforegoinglanguageshallbeprintedon thefaceofthelicense. Subd. 3. Appeals. A. RightofAppeal. Anypersonaggrieved byacomplianceordermay appealthecomplianceordertotheCityCouncil. Suchappealsmust beinwriting, must specifythegrounds fortheappeal, mustbe accompanied byafilingfeeincashorcashier'scheck, andmustbe filedwiththeCityClerkwithintenbusinessdaysafterserviceofthe compliance order. Ifanappealisnotfiled within the timelines and in the manner specified herein, theenforcementofficer’sdecision shallbefinal. ThefilingfeeissetbyCityCodeSection6.04and councilresolutionpursuanttothatsection. Thefilingofanappeal shallstayallproceedingsinfurtheranceoftheactionappealedfrom, unlesssuchastaywould causeimminentperiltolife, health, propertyorpublicsafety. B. CityCouncilDecision. Uponatleastfivebusinessdays’ noticetothe appellantofthetimeandplace forhearingtheappeal, andwithin 30daysaftersaidappealisfiled, theCityCouncilortheindividualor committeedesignatedbytheCouncilas theappealbody, musthold ahearingthereon, atwhichtheapplicantmayappearandpresent evidence astowhythecomplianceorder, oranyportionthereof, shouldnotbeissued. Ifanindividualorcommittee otherthanthe CityCouncilhearstheappeal, itshallmakearecommendationtothe CityCouncil. TheCityCouncilmayreverse, modifyoraffirm, in wholeorinpart, thecomplianceorderandshallorderreturnofallor partofthefilingfeeiftheappealisupheld. TheCityCouncilor appealcommittee orofficermaypostponeameetingandhold hearingatalaterdate, nottoexceed60daysaftertheappealis filed, whenitisnecessary todoso. Subd. 4. Penalties. Anypersonwhofailstocomplywithacompliance orderwithinthetimelimitsspecifiedthereinshall, uponconvictionthereof, be 4-27 Updated08-12-2014) guiltyofamisdemeanorandsubjecttoafineorimprisonmentasprescribedby statelaw. Eachdayofsuchfailuretocomplyconstitutes aseparateoffense. SECTION4.05. UNSAFEAND HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES ANDEXCAVATION. Subd. 1. Hazardous BuildingAndExcavationsProhibited. Itisunlawful fortheownerofpremisestoallow ahazardousbuildingorhazardousexcavation thereon. Eachdaysuchconditionispermittedshallconstitute aseparateoffense. Forthepurpose ofthisSection, theterms “owner,” “hazardousbuilding," and hazardousexcavation" shallhavethemeanings andusagesascribedtothemin MinnesotaStatutes, Sections 463.15through 463.261andassetforth inthis Section. Provided, thatthisSectionshallnotbetheexclusiveremedy, buttheCity mayproceedastheCitydeemsappropriate undersaidstatutory sectionsfor abatement and other remedies therein set forth, or underprovisionsofthe CityCode. Thefilingofcriminalchargeshereunderortheconviction thereof shall notprohibit, void, ornullifyanyabatementproceedingsorotherremediesavailable totheCity. Subd. 2. UnsafeBuildingsAndStructures. A. DefinitionandAbatement. Allstructures, whetherthesamebebuildings orotherwise, includinghazardousbuildingsasdefinedinMinn. Stat.§ 463.15, whicharestructurallyunsafeor, whenapplicable, not providedwithadequateingressandegress, orwhichconstituteafire hazard, orareotherwisedangeroustohumanlife, orwhichinrelationto existinguseconstituteahazard tosafetyorhealth, orpublic welfare, by reason ofinadequate maintenance, dilapidation, unsanitaryconditions, physicaldamage, obsolescence, firehazard, orabandonment; as specifiedintheStateBuildingCode, anotherprovisionoftheCityCode, oranyotherlaworregulation; are, forthepurposeofthisSection, unsafestructures. Allsuchunsafestructuresareherebydeclaredtobe publicnuisancesandshallbeabatedbyrepair, rehabilitation, demolition, orremovalinaccordancewiththeprocedurespecified herein. B. NoticetoOwner. TheBuildingOfficialordesigneeshallcausetobe examined everystructureorportionthereofwhichisdangerousor damagedand, ifsuchisfoundtobeanunsafestructure, theCityshall givetotheownerofsuchstructurewrittennoticestatingthedefects therein, andshall, indetail, indicatetheimprovementsorrepairstobe madeandmaystatethatifrepairsandimprovements areimpractical andnoteconomicallyfeasiblesoastoultimatelyprovideforthepublic safetyandhealth, thatsuchstructureshallberemoved. Thisnotice mayrequiretheownerorpersoninchargeofthestructure orpremises, within 48hours, tocommenceeithertherequiredrepairsor 4-28 Updated08-12-2014) RENTAL DWELLINGS § 150.035 PURPOSE. It is the purpose of this subchapter to protect the public health, safety and welfare of citizens of the city who live in rental units by adopting a rental dwelling inspection and maintenance program that corrects substandard conditions and maintains a standard for existing and newly constructed rental dwellings in the city. The operation of rental properties is a business enterprise that includes certain responsibilities. Rental owners, operators and managers are responsible to take such reasonable steps as are necessary to ensure that the citizens who occupy such rental units, as well as neighboring properties, may pursue the quiet enjoyment of the normal activities of life in surroundings that are safe, secure, and sanitary, free from noise, nuisances and annoyances, and free from unreasonable fears about safety of persons and property. (Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.036 DEFINITIONS. Words used in this subchapter shall have the following meanings unless otherwise defined in this subchapter. ALTERNATIVE INSPECTION REPORT. A rental dwelling inspection report that the applicant obtains from a building inspector for the purposes of receiving United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”) rental approval. APARTMENT. A community, complex or building having a common owner and containing at least one rental dwelling unit. CITY INSPECTOR’S REPORT or INSPECTION REPORT. A rental dwelling inspection report prepared and signed by a city inspector. CITY MANAGER. The West St. Paul City Manager or his or her designee. COMPLEX. The total number of buildings on the license application or contiguous rental properties under the same ownership. DWELLING. A building or one or more portions of a building occupied or intended to be occupied for residential purposes. FAMILY. (1) An individual or two or more persons legally related by blood, marriage, domestic partnership, foster care, guardianship or adoption; or (2) A group of not more than three persons not related by blood, marriage, domestic partnership, foster care, guardianship or adoption living together in a dwelling unit. HIGH SCHOOL DORMITORY. A dormitory that is located on the site of a secondary education institution and is owned, operated and used by the institution for living and sleeping quarters for the students attending the institution. LET FOR OCCUPANCY or to LET or to RENT. To permit possession or occupancy of a dwelling or rental dwelling unit whether or not compensation is paid by a person who is not the legal owner of record thereof, pursuant to a written or unwritten lease. OCCUPANT. Any person living or sleeping in a dwelling unit, or having possession of a space within a dwelling unit. OPERATOR or MANAGER. Any person who has charge, care or control of a structure or premises that is let or offered for occupancy. OWNER or LICENSEE. Any person, agent, operator, firm or corporation having a legal or equitable interest in the property or recorded in the official state, county or city records as holding title to the property or otherwise having control of the property. PERSON . May be an individual, corporation, firm, association, company, partnership, organization or any other group acting as a unit. REINSPECTION. A follow-up inspection that is: (1) Conducted to determine if a code violation has been corrected; (2) Necessary because a licensee, owner or other responsible party fails to attend a scheduled inspection; (3) Necessary because a scheduled inspection does not occur or is prevented from occurring due to an act of a property owner or agent; or (4) Any inspection following an initial inspection. RENTAL DWELLING. Any dwelling used for residential occupancy by one or more persons who are not the owner or a member of the owner’s family. RENTAL DWELLING UNIT. Any room or rooms, or space, in any rental dwelling designed or used for residential occupancy by one or more persons who are not the owner or a member of the owner’s family. West St. Paul Ordinance (2001 Code, § 435.03) (Ord. 06-16, passed - -; Ord. 07-04, passed - -; Ord. 08-25, passed - -; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14- 2015; Ord. 21-002, passed 1-25-2021) § 150.037 LICENSE REQUIRED. (A) General rule. No person, partnership, business entity, or corporation shall operate a rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit in the city without a license for each building pursuant to Chapter 110. No property owner shall be permitted to license more than three single-family residences as rental properties, unless the property owner: (1) Hires a property management company who is licensed by the Commerce Department; or (2) Is a public housing agency; or (3) Obtains a special exception from the City Council. (B) Applications. In addition to the application information requirements of § 110.03, the license application must contain the following information: (1) Property owner information. (a) The name, address and complete information of the property owner, if the property owner is an individual. (b) The name, address and complete information of at least one officer, manager or director, if the property owner is a business entity. (2) Property contact information. For single-family residential dwellings, the license applicant must provide 24 hour contact information for one person in any of the following categories. For all other types of dwellings, the license applicant must provide 24 hour contact information for two people in any of the following categories: (a) At least one owner of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit; (b) At least one person, if different from the owner, who is responsible for compliance with this and any other code requirement pertaining to the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, such as a property manager, who must reside in the Twin Cities 7-County metropolitan area; (c) Any of the owner’s agents responsible for management of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, such as a property management company and the name and contact information of a person at the property management company; or (d) Any vendors and all vendees, if the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit is being sold pursuant to a contract for deed. (e) The City Clerk must be notified in writing of any changes to the name(s) provided on the application. (3) Number and type of units. The license application must contain the number of units and types of units (condominium, apartment, town home and the like) within the rental dwelling. (4) Inspection report. The license application must be accompanied by a satisfactory city approved inspector’s report or an alternative inspection report. (a) For owners with one to three dwelling units, the inspection report is required every 36 months and due upon annual renewal of the license. Alternative inspection reports must be dated within the 36 months preceding the application date. For owners with one to three dwelling units, an inspection is required if there is a change in ownership and the inspection report is dated more than 18 months prior to the date of the application. (b) For owners with more than three dwelling units, the inspection report is required every 12 months and due upon annual renewal of the license. Alternative inspection reports must be dated within the 12 months preceding the application date. An owner with more than three dwelling units shall submit annual inspection reports for at least one-fourth of the total number of dwelling units for each building. Every four years, all dwelling units in each building must have undergone an inspection. An inspection is required if there is a change in ownership and the inspection report is dated more than six months prior to the date of application for owners with more than three dwelling units. (5) Inspection scheduling. The City Clerk or designee shall schedule the initial inspection for all new and renewal applications. A property owner or agent is required to be onsite during the scheduled inspection. A property owner or agent may cancel or re-schedule an inspection no less than 24 hours of the scheduled inspection time or a re-inspection fee will apply. (C) Investigations. (1) For all new applications, a background investigation will be conducted on the property owner listed on the application, pursuant to § 110.03(C)(5). The city may request additional information from the license applicant regarding all property owners, if the property is owned by individuals or regarding all officers, managers or directors, if the property is owned by a business entity, and may conduct additional background investigations as it deems necessary. The applicant shall pay a background investigation fee for each background investigation conducted. (2) For renewal applications, background investigations are not required and no background investigation fee shall be required, however, the Police Department or other city staff may conduct a background investigation at its sole discretion. (D) Changes in ownership. A license is non-transferable. If there is a change in the ownership of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, a new license is required. (E) Changes in the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit. If changes are made in the number or type of units, the owner shall amend its license. (F) Annual license. Persons wishing to let rental dwellings or rental dwelling units must make an annual application to the city, provide the information required by this subchapter and pay the applicable license fee, as set forth in § 150.041. Renewal applications that qualify for a license in Category A, as defined in § 150.041, may be approved administratively by the Community Development Director. All other license applications must be approved by the City Council. (G) License term. The term of the license is a 12-month rolling calendar. For renewal applicants, the license period shall commence on the first day of the month after the expiration of the previous license period, as determined by the City Clerk, or for new applicants, the license period shall commence on the first day of the month after the license is approved by the City Council. All licenses expire at the end of each 12-month period. (H) Tenant register. As a condition of the license, the applicant must, as a continuing obligation, maintain a current register of tenants and other persons who have a lawful right to occupancy of rental dwellings or rental dwelling units. In its application, the applicant must designate the name of the person or persons who will have possession of the register and must promptly notify the City Manager of any change in the identity, address or telephone numbers of such person. The register must be available for inspection by city officials at all times. (I) Notification requirements for public hearings. The owner must, as a continuing obligation of the license, provide written notice to tenants or in the alternative, post the written notice in the lobby or common area of the rental dwelling for any public hearing received by the owner that pertains to the property on which the rental dwelling is located or any adjacent rights-of-way. (J) Display of license certificate. Pursuant to § 110.08, the license certificate must be exhibited in a conspicuous place at or near the entrance to the rental dwelling. One license certificate must be displayed for each building. For buildings containing one to three dwelling units, the certificate must be visible from the street. For buildings containing more than three dwelling units, the certificate must be displayed in the rental office or other common area accessible to all tenants of the licensed building. (K) Compliance with Minn. Stat. § 211B.20, as it may be amended from time to time. Owners must comply with the requirements of Minn. Stat. § 211B.20, as it may be amended from time to time, and allow access to candidates who have filed for election to public office and seek admittance to the rental dwelling solely for the purpose of campaigning. (L) Rental density for single-family rental dwellings. (1) In an R-1 Zoning District, no more than 10% of the single-family lots on any block shall be eligible to obtain a rental license, unless a temporary license is granted by the City Council as provided herein. Table 1 indicates how many single- family lots per block are able to be licensed as a rental property based on the number of lots that exist in a block. Table 1 Lots/Block Rental Units Allowed Table 1 Lots/Block Rental Units Allowed 1-14 1 15-24 2 25-34 3 35-44 4 45-54 5 55-64 6 65-74 7 75-84 8 85-94 9 (2) The following guidelines shall apply to determine eligible blocks and lots. (a) For the purposes of this subchapter, a BLOCK shall be defined as an area of land enclosed within the perimeter of streets, watercourses, public parks, municipally owned lots and city boundaries. (b) This subchapter shall apply to legally conforming lots of record and legally nonconforming lots of record. For the purposes of this subchapter, lots of record may also be referred to as PROPERTIES, PROPERTY or LOTS . (c) If a block contains more than one type of zoning district, only R-1 Zoning District lots shall be included in the calculation of the total number of lots per block. (d) Legal nonconforming rental property shall not be included in the calculation of the total number of lots per block, but shall be allowed to continue as long as the legal nonconforming use complies with § 153.006 of the Zoning Code. (e) Commercial or industrial uses located in an R-1 Zoning District shall not be included in the calculation of the total number of lots per block. (f) Properties that are exempt pursuant to § 150.038 shall not be included in the calculation of the total number of lots per block. (3) If the number of rental properties meets or exceeds the permitted number of rental properties per defined block on the effective date of this subchapter, no additional rental licenses shall be approved for the block, unless a temporary license is granted by the City Council as provided herein. Existing rental licenses may be renewed; however, should a rental license not be renewed, or if the rental license is revoked or lapses, the rental license shall not be reinstated unless it is in conformance with this subchapter and other applicable sections of the city code. (4) If the number of rental properties meets or exceeds the permitted number of rental properties per defined block on the effective date of this chapter, a property owner may request a temporary license to allow an additional rental property for that block. The property owner must hire a licensed professional property management company to manage the property. The Council may grant or deny a temporary license in its sole discretion. Persons requesting a temporary license must make an annual application to the city. No property owner shall hold a temporary license for the same property for more than two consecutive years. (M) Crime-Free Lease Addendum. As a condition of the license, the applicant must use the Minnesota Crime-Free Lease Addendum or its equivalent, as part of its leases. (N) Phase One - Management Training. As a condition of the license, the applicant or manager of each licensed building must complete Phase One - Management Training of the three phases of the Minnesota Crime Free Rental-Housing program, as defined in § 150.042(A)(1)(e), within 12 months of City Council approval of the rental license. (O) Tenant background checks and lease agreements. Upon request, provide a copy of third party or comparable background checks for tenants and a copy of the lease. (P) Contracts for deed. A property sold pursuant to a contract for deed must be recorded against the property or the property will be deemed rental property and a license will be required. (2001 Code, § 435.05) (Ord. 06-16, passed - -; Ord. 11-12, passed - -; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.038 EXEMPTIONS. This subchapter does not apply to the following: (A) Hotels (B) Motels (C) Hospitals (D) State-licensed residential care facilities (E) Assisted living facilities (F) Nursing homes (G) High school dormitories (H) Single-family homes or duplexes in which the owner resides within a portion of the building and there are a total of no more than three unrelated persons within the owner’s dwelling unit. If the building is a duplex, only that portion of the building in which the owner resides is exempt. The other portion of the duplex requires a rental license. (2001 Code, § 435.07) (Ord. 06-16, passed - -; Ord. 08-25, passed - -; Ord. 08-26, passed - -; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14- 2015) § 150.039 RESPONSIBILITY FOR ACTS OF MANAGER. Licensees are responsible for the acts or omissions of their managers as it pertains to the rental dwelling. (2001 Code, § 435.09) (Ord. 06-16, passed - - ; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.040 MAINTENANCE STANDARDS. (A) It is the responsibility of the licensee to assure that every rental dwelling and rental dwelling unit is maintained in compliance with all city ordinances and state laws. A violation of any of the following laws and ordinances constitutes a public nuisance: (1) Building Code (§§ 150.001 through 150.008); (2) International Property Maintenance Code (§§ 150.020 through 150.023); (3) Animal regulations (Chapter 90); (4) Fire Prevention Code (Chapter 91); (5) Repeat nuisance service calls (§§ 34.15 through 34.19); (6) Parked or stored motor vehicles (§ 72.05(D)); and (7) Public nuisance regulations (Chapter 94). (B) License hearing. Upon the occurrence of .5 violations of the above-stated provisions multiplied by the total number of dwelling units per complex within a 12-month period, or a violation of a Category C mitigation plan as defined in § 150.041(B), the City Council may hold a license hearing pursuant to § 110.12 for consideration of suspension, revocation or conversion to a provisional license. Depending upon the circumstances, nature and severity of the violation, the City Council may hold a license hearing for fewer than .5 violations, if deemed appropriate. (C) Inspections. The Building Official, Building Inspector, Rental Housing Inspector, Fire Department personnel, police officers and their respective representatives, are authorized to make inspections reasonably necessary to enforce this subchapter. All authorized inspectors have the authority to enter any rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit at all reasonable times. Each occupant of a rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit shall give the owner, the owner’s agent or authorized city official access to any part of such rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit at reasonable times for the purpose of inspection, maintenance, repairs or alterations as are necessary to comply with the provisions of this subchapter. If any owner, owner’s agent or occupant of a rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit fails or refuses to permit entry to a rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit for an inspection pursuant to this subchapter, the inspector may seek an administrative search warrant authorizing such inspection. (2001 Code, § 435.11) (Ord. 06-16, passed - -; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.041 TIERED FEE SYSTEM. (A) License categories. Licenses will be issued based on a tiered fee system according to license type as indicated in Table 1. The fees shall be set by City Council resolution. The period of time used to determine the tiered fee is the 12-month period ending two months before the commencement of the license term. Table 1 Category Type Property Code Violations and Validated City Service Calls per Complex Table 1 Category Type Property Code Violations and Validated City Service Calls per Complex Category A Less than 3 dwelling units: No validated city service calls/code violations per complex in a preceding 12-month period. More than 3 dwelling units: Less than .25 validated city service calls/code violations multiplied by the total number of dwelling units per complex in a preceding 12- month period. Category B (includes all new rental license applicants)Less than 3 dwelling units: 1-3 validated city service calls/code violations multiplied by the total number of dwelling units per complex in a preceding 12-month period. More than 3 dwelling units: .25 to .5 validated city service calls/code violations multiplied by the total number of dwelling units per complex in a preceding 12-month period. Category C Less than 3 dwelling units: Over 3 validated city service calls/code violations multiplied by the total number of dwelling units per complex in a preceding 12-month period. More than 3 dwelling units: Over .5 validated city service calls/code violations multiplied by the total number of dwelling units per complex in a preceding 12-month period. (B) Category C requirements. Rental license applicants who meet the definition of Category C may be issued a provisional license and must pay a provisional license fee set by the City Council. In addition, the applicant must provide a written mitigation plan to reduce the number of city service calls/code violations. If the property owner violates the mitigation plan, City Council may hold a license hearing, as defined in § 150.040(B). (C) Qualifying city service calls/code violations. Licensed dwellings that have generated city service calls or code violations as indicated in the fee resolution in a preceding 12-month period as specified in this section shall be subject to the tiered fee system. (1) City service calls and code violations that are used to determine the appropriate tiered fee system category include the following types of calls or events: (a) City service calls and code violations listed in § 150.040(A). (b) City service calls or events categorized as part one crimes in the uniform crime reporting system, including homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, theft, auto theft and arson. (c) City service calls or events categorized by the Police Department: miscellaneous juvenile status crimes, liquor offenses or curfew violations; disturbing the peace or harassing communications; property damage; criminal damage to property or trespass; domestic incidents (except as provided in § 150.041(C)(2)); fire alarms; fire code; public disturbance or disorderly conduct; loud party or noise complaints; disorderly juveniles; assault in the fifth degree or non-domestic related assaults. The Police Chief shall maintain for public inspection a description of the coding system and a list of the codes and crimes included within each of these categories of calls or events. (d) The Police Chief may determine that multiple incidents shall be counted as a single call in appropriate cases. (2) Calls will not be counted for purposes of determining the appropriate tiered fee system Category when the victim and suspect are “family” or “household members” as defined in the Domestic Abuse Act, Minn. Stat. § 518B.01, Subd. 2(b), as it may be amended from time to time, and when there is a report of “Domestic Abuse” as defined in the Domestic Abuse Act, Minn. Stat. § 518B.01, Subd. 2(a), as it may be amended from time to time, or when the tenant is the victim of an order for protection violation under Domestic Abuse Act, Minn. Stat. § 518B.01, Subd. 14, as it may be amended from time to time, except when the victim consented to a violation of a court order and the violation resulted in the city service call. (Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.042 STAR PROGRAM. To promote crime-free housing, the city encourages rental property owners to voluntarily participate in Level 1 or Level 2 of the STAR Program. A STAR Program application form must be completed and submitted with the license application in order for an owner to participate in the STAR Program. (A) More than three dwelling units. For owners with more than three dwelling units, the following criteria set forth the STAR requirements for each participation level. (1) Level 1. To qualify for Level 1, owners or managers shall comply with the following: (a) Provide the city a copy of rental criteria regarding tenants with criminal backgrounds. (b) Actively pursue the eviction of noncompliant tenants. (c) Attend 25% of Responsible Owners and Managers Association (ROMA) meetings. (d) Have no unresolved City Code violations. (e) Within 12 months of joining the STAR Program, complete Phase 2 or Phase 3 of the Minnesota Crime-Free Rental-Housing program. The phases of the Minnesota Crime-Free Rental- Housing program are: 1. Phase One- Management Training. Resident managers and/or owners attend an eight-hour seminar presented by police, fire, public housing and others. 2. Phase Two- Security Assessment. This phase will certify that the rental property has met the security requirements for the tenant’s safety. 3. Phase Three- Resident Training. A meeting is held for the residents where crime watch and crime prevention techniques are discussed. (2) Level 2. To qualify for Level 2, owners and managers shall achieve Level 1 and add the following: (a) Within 12 months of joining the STAR Program, complete Phase 2 and Phase 3 of Crime-Free Rental-Housing training and receive a certificate of completion by the city, as defined in § 150.042(A)(1)(e). (b) Attend 50% of ROMA meetings. (B) One to three dwelling units. For owners with one to three dwelling units, the following criteria set forth the STAR requirements for each participation level. (1) Level 1. To qualify for Level 1, owners and managers shall comply with the following. (a) Actively pursue the eviction of noncompliant tenants. (b) Have no unresolved city code violations. (2) Level 2. To qualify for Level 2, owners and managers shall achieve Level 1 and add the following: (a) Within 12 months of joining the STAR Program, complete Phase 2 and Phase 3 of the Crime-Free Rental- Housing training and receive a certificate of completion by the city, as defined in § 150.042(A)(1)(e). (b) Attend 50% of ROMA meetings. (2001 Code, § 435.13) (Ord. 06-16, passed - -; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.043 LICENSE DENIAL, SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION. (A) Grounds for denial, suspension or revocation. The City Council may deny, revoke or suspend a license pursuant to § 110.12. During a suspension, the property for which the suspension occurred shall be included for purposes of calculating the number of eligible lots per block, unless it is otherwise ineligible pursuant to § 150.037(L). (B) Violations. A violation of this subchapter is a misdemeanor. However, the city may issue an administrative citation pursuant to § 10.98. (C) Notification to tenants. Upon suspension, revocation or denial of a license, or if the dwelling unit is not licensed, the city will notify all affected tenants. (2001 Code, § 435.15) (Ord. 06-16, passed - - ; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.044 SUMMARY ACTION. (A) Emergency. When the conduct of any owner or owner’s agent, representative, employee or lessee, or the condition of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, or the property in or on which it is located, is detrimental to the public health, sanitation, safety and general welfare of the community, or residents of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit so as to constitute a nuisance, fire hazard or other unsafe or dangerous condition and thus give rise to an emergency, the Building Official has the authority to summarily condemn or close individual rental dwelling units or areas of the rental dwelling as the Building Official deems necessary. (B) Notice. Notice of summary action will be posted at the units or areas affected and will describe the units or areas affected. No person shall remove the posted notice, other than the Building Official or a designated representative. (C) Appeal. Any person aggrieved by a decision or action of the Building Official to condemn all or part of a rental dwelling shall be entitled to appeal to the Council by filing a notice of appeal with the City Manager. The Manager must schedule a date for hearing before the Council and notify the aggrieved person of the date. (2001 Code, § 435.17) (Ord. 06-16, passed - -; Ord. 11-12, passed - - ; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.045 POSTED TO PREVENT OCCUPANCY. Whenever any rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit is found to be unfit for human habitation under § 150.040, it shall be posted by the Building Official on the door of the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit, whichever the case may be, to prevent further occupancy. No person, other than the Building Official, shall remove or alter any posting. The Building Official will post the date the rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit shall be vacated and no person shall reside in, occupy or cause to be occupied that rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit until the Building Official or Council permits it. (2001 Code, § 435.19) (Ord. 06-16, passed - - ; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) § 150.046 NO WARRANTY BY CITY. By enacting and undertaking to enforce this subchapter, neither the city, nor its Council, agents or employees warrant or guaranty the safety, fitness or suitability of any rental dwelling or rental dwelling unit in the city. Owners and occupants should take appropriate steps to protect their interests, health, safety and welfare. (2001 Code, § 435.21) (Ord. 06-16, passed - - ; Ord. 15-09, passed 9-14-2015) 9-7-10: MAINTENANCE STANDARDS: A. Every rental unit, other than a manufactured home lot, shall be maintained in accordance with the building standards of chapter 2 of this title, the fire code adopted in chapter 5 of this title, the building code adopted in chapter 1 of this title, and in a manner so as not to create a nuisance pursuant to title 3, chapter 3 of this code. B. Every rental unit which is a manufactured home lot shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements of title 3, chapter 10 of this code, and in a manner so as not to create a nuisance pursuant to title 3, chapter 3 of this code. (Ord. 96- 10, 5-6-1996) 9-7-12: CONDUCT ON REGISTERED PREMISES: A. For purposes of this section, a premises is disorderly at which any of the following activities occur: 1. Conduct which constitutes a violation of sections 3-3-2 and 3-3-3 of this code relating to public nuisances. 2. Conduct which constitutes a violation of section 4-4-2 of this code relating to noisy parties and other unnecessary and loud noises. 3. Conduct which constitutes a violation of laws relating to the possession of controlled substances, as defined in Minnesota statutes 152.01 et seq. 4. Conduct which constitutes a violation of section 4-4-1 of this code relating to disorderly conduct or creating a breach of the peace or violation of laws relating to disorderly conduct as defined in Minnesota statutes 609.72. 5. Conduct which constitutes a violation of subsection 2-3-14C of this code relating to minors possessing or consuming alcohol, subsection 2-3-14B of this code relating to providing alcohol to minors, or violation of Minnesota statutes 340A.701, 340A.702 or 340A.703, relating to the sale of intoxicating liquor. 6. Conduct which constitutes a violation of subsection 4-4-11A or 4-4-11B of this code relating to prostitution or indecent exposure, or a violation of laws relating to prostitution or acts related to prostitution as defined in Minnesota statutes 609.321, subdivision 9. 7. Conduct which constitutes a violation of section 4-4-12 of this code relating to weapons, or laws relating to unlawful use or possession of a firearm as defined in Minnesota statutes 609.66 et seq., on the registered premises. 8. Conduct which constitutes a violation of section 4-4-9 of this code relating to assaults, or 609.221 et seq., of the Minnesota statutes relating to assaults, including domestic assaults, as defined in Minnesota statutes 609.224. 9. Conduct which constitutes a violation of 609.595 of the Minnesota statutes relating to criminal damage to property. 10. Conduct which constitutes a violation of 609.713 of the Minnesota statutes relating to terroristic threats. B. The city manager shall be responsible for administration of this section. The authority to take any action authorized under this section may be delegated to the city manager's authorized designee or designees. C. Upon determination by the city manager or his/her designee that a rental unit registered premises was used in a disorderly manner, as described in subsection A of this section, the city manager or his/her designee, shall give notice to the registration holder and the renters of the rental unit affected, of the violation and direct the registration holder to take steps to prevent further violations. D. If another instance of disorderly use of the rental unit registered premises occurs within twelve (12) months of an incident for which a notice in subsection C of this section was given, the city manager, or his/her designee, shall notify the registration holder and the renters of the affected unit of the violation and shall require the registration holder to submit a written report of the actions taken, and actions proposed to be taken, by the registration holder to prevent further disorderly use of the premises. This report shall be submitted to the city manager, or his/her authorized designee, within five (5) days of receipt of the notice of disorderly use of the premises, and shall detail all actions taken by the registration holder in response to all notices of disorderly use of the premises within the preceding twelve (12) months. E. If another instance of disorderly use of the rental unit registered premises occurs within twelve (12) months after any two (2) previous instances of disorderly use for which notices were given to the registration holder and the renters of the affected unit, pursuant to this section, the rental dwelling license for the rental unit may be denied, revoked, suspended or not renewed if the actions proposed to be undertaken by licensee pursuant to subsection D of this section are inadequate and/or are not being diligently pursued. An action to deny, revoke, suspend or not renew a license under this section shall be initiated by the city manager, or his/her designee, pursuant to the procedures set out in section 9-7-13 of this chapter. F. A determination that the registered premises have been used in a disorderly manner as described in subsection A of this section shall be made upon a fair preponderance of the evidence to support such a determination. It shall not be necessary that criminal charges be brought in order to support a determination of disorderly use, but the incident must have resulted in the police being called to the rental unit registered premises and a police report being prepared. G. For purposes of this chapter, "disorderly use of the rental unit registered premises" shall mean disorderly use in the particular rental unit by the renters, occupants or guests or conduct by the tenants which constitutes disorderly use anywhere on the property of the apartment building or home or mobile home park in which the rental unit is situated. H. No adverse license action shall be imposed where the instance of disorderly use of the licensed rental unit occurred during the pendency of eviction proceedings (unlawful detainer), or within thirty (30) days of notice given by the licensee to a Moorhead Ordinance Clips tenant to vacate the premises where the disorderly use was related to conduct by that tenant or by other occupants or guests of the tenant's unit. Eviction proceedings shall not be a bar to adverse license action however, if the eviction proceedings are not diligently pursued by the licensee. Further, an action to deny, revoke, suspend or not renew a license based upon violations of this section may be postponed or discontinued at any time if it appears that the licensee has taken appropriate measures which will prevent further instances of disorderly use. I. Notwithstanding any other language of this section to the contrary, conduct which otherwise constitutes disorderly use for purposes of this section will not be deemed to be disorderly use for purposes of this section if the police discovered the domestic abuse or other conduct as a result of a call by a tenant of the rental unit in which the disorderly use is occurring, or if the use is occurring outside the specific rental unit, by a tenant of the rental unit which would have otherwise received notice of disorderly use pursuant to the terms of this section. (Ord. 2014-18, 9-8-2014) 9-7-13: FAILURE TO GRANT REGISTRATION, REVOCATION, SUSPENSION OR FAILURE TO RENEW REGISTRATION: A. The city reserves the right not to register a unit unless the rental unit or units for which registration is sought complies with the requirements of this chapter. B. Any registration issued under this chapter is subject to the right, which is hereby expressly reserved by the city, to suspend, revoke or fail to renew the same should the registration holder or their agents, employees, representatives or lessees directly or indirectly operate or maintain the rental dwellings contrary to the provisions of this chapter, other than section 9-7-12 of this chapter, or any other ordinance of the city or any special permit issued by the city, or the laws of the state. Provided, however, registration shall not be suspended, revoked or failed to be renewed if the registration holder complies with a compliance order or orders in a timely manner. C. The city manager or his/her designee, shall notify, in writing, the applicant that his/her registration has been denied, or the registration holder that his/her registration is being suspended, removed or nonrenewed. The suspension, revocation or nonrenewal shall occur thirty five (35) days after the date of the order, or at such later date as set out in the order. The notice shall be served by mailing a copy of the order to the property owner, and the designated local property manager, if any, as indicated in the records on file in the housing division of the fire department of the city. D. The registration holder, or designated local manager, shall have the right to request a hearing before the city council by filing a written appeal from the order at the office of the city clerk within fifteen (15) days of the date of the order. The timely filing of the written appeal shall stay the enforcement of the order until the appeals process is completed. E. The registration holder shall receive at least seven (7) days' written notice of the hearing date before the council and, at the hearing, the registration holder, the local managing agent, or an attorney representing the registration holder may present evidence. After the hearing, the council may uphold the decision of the city manager, or his/her designee, reverse the decision of the city manager, or his/her designee, or enter a different order with different conditions if the city council deems it necessary to protect the public health, sanitation, safety or general welfare of the community at large or the residents of rental units in the city. The city council shall issue written findings of fact and its order within twenty (20) days of the hearing. F. The decision of the city council may be appealed by the registration holder by filing an appeal or an appropriate writ with the Clay County district court within fifteen (15) days of the date of the order of the city council. G. A reinstatement fee will be charged to the owner of a rental property the rental registration of which has been revoked. Before issuing a registration certificate any code violations or deficiencies must be corrected prior to inspection and any outstanding fees must be paid in full. (Ord. 2014-18, 9-8-2014) CHAPTER 4 CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING REGULATIONS AND PERMITS SECTION 4.01. BUILDING CODE ADOPTED. The Minnesota State Building Code (SBC), including Minnesota Rules Chapter 7080 — Individual Sewage Treatment Systems, is hereby adopted by reference as though set forth verbatim herein. One copy of said Code shall be marked CITY OF RED WING - OFFICIAL COPY and kept on file in the office of the Building Official and open to inspection and use by the public. Source: Ordinance No. 349, Third Series Effective Date: 3-26-04 SECTION 4.02. BUILDING PERMITS REQUIRED. It is unlawful for any person to erect, construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, improve, remove, convert, or demolish any building or structure, or any part or portion thereof, including, but not limited to, the plumbing, electrical, ventilating, heating or air conditioning systems therein, or cause the same to be done, without first obtaining a separate building or mechanical permit for each such building, structure or mechanical components from the City. (Also see City Code Section 11.70, Subdivision 3). Source: City Code Effective Date: 5-1-85 SECTION 4.03. HOUSING MAINTENANCE CODE. Subd. 1. Title. This section may be known, cited, and referred to as the Red Wing Housing Maintenance Code" or "the HMC." Subd. 2. Purpose. The purpose of the HMC is to protect, preserve, and promote the public health, safety, and the general welfare of the people of the City, to prevent housing conditions that adversely affect or are likely to adversely affect the life, safety, general welfare, and health, including the physical, mental, and social well-being of persons occupying dwellings within the City, to provide, to the extent permitted by state law, for the enforcement of minimum standards for components or systems of residential structures; to provide for the use and location and amount of space for human occupancy; and to preserve the value of land and buildings throughout the City. Subd. 3. Discrimination and Privacy. The HMC is to be enforced in a nondiscriminatory manner and exclusively for the purpose of promoting public as opposed to private welfare. Except as may be specifically provided herein or incidental to the enforcement hereof, the HMC is not intended to interfere with 4-1 Updated 09-11-2021) Red Wing Property Maintenance Code personal privacy or with private legal rights and liabilities, including without limitation landlord/tenant and lessor/lessee relationships, and in enacting and enforcing the HMC, the City neither expressly nor by implication assumes any obligations or liabilities respecting such private rights or disputes, including those which involve or arise out of the non -conformity of any premises in the City to the provisions of the HMC. Subd.4. Definitions. A. For purposes of Section 4.03, the definitions below apply. 1. "Abandonment of a Building or Structure" — the consequence of ceasing to assert or exercise an interest, right, or title to that building or structure, with the intent of never again resuming or reasserting it. 2. "Accessory Structure" — a structure not greater than 3,000 square feet in floor area and not over two stories in height, the use of which is customarily accessory to and incidental to that of the dwelling(s) and which is located on the same lot. 3. "Adequate" — sufficient. 4. "Basement" — that portion of a Building or Structure located partly underground, but having less than half its clear floor -to -ceiling height below the average grade of the adjoining ground. 5. "Building" — a constructed edifice designed to stand more or less permanently, covering a space of land, designed for occupancy, and intended for use in one place. 6. "Common Areas" — halls, corridors, passageways, utility rooms, recreational rooms and extensively landscaped areas in or adjacent to a multiple dwelling, not under the exclusive control of one person or family. 7. "Component" — a constituent part. 8. "Condominium" — a form of individual ownership within a multifamily building which entails joint responsibility for maintenance and repairs; in the condominium each apartment or townhouse is owned outright by its occupant. 9. "Corrected" — brought into conformance with all applicable standards of the HMC. 4-2 Updated 09-11-2021) 10. "Cooperative Housing" — a multiple family dwelling owned and maintained by the residents: the entire structure and real property is under common ownership as contrasted to a condominium dwelling where individual units are under separate individual occupant ownership. 11. "Damage" — injury or harm. 12. "Degradation" — impairment in respect to some physical property, including Damage by weakening or loss of some property, quality, or capability. 13. "Dilapidation" — a condition of decay or partial ruin. 14. "Disaster" — a sudden or great misfortune. 15. "Dwelling Unit" — a single unit providing complete independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. 16. "Exclude Dampness" — to shut out moisture. 17. "Exit" — a continuous and unobstructed means of egress to the outdoors and includes intervening doors, doorways, corridors, ramps, stairways, smoke -proof enclosures, horizontal exits, exit passageways, exit courts and yards. 18. "Extermination" — the control and elimination of insects, rodents or other pests by eliminating their harborage places; by removing or making inaccessible materials that serve as their food; by poisoning, spraying, fumigating, trapping; or by any other recognized and legal pest elimination methods approved by the Health Officer. 19. "Fire Hazard" — a thing or condition that might operate against Safety from fire, including a possible source of peril, danger, duress, or difficulty, or that tends to create or increase the possibility of loss due to fire. 20. "Garbage" — putrescible animal and vegetable wastes, including those resulting from the handling, preparation, cooking, and consumption of food. 21. "Habitable Room" — a room or enclosed floor space used or intended to be used for living, sleeping, cooking, or eating purposes, but excluding bathrooms, water closet compartments, laundries, furnace rooms, pantries, utility rooms, foyers, corridors, stairways, closets, 4-3 Updated 09-11-2021) storage spaces, workshops, hobby and recreation areas, and Basements lacking required ventilation, required electrical outlets, or required Exit facilities. 22. "Hazard" — a thing or condition that might operate against Safety, including a possible source of peril, danger, duress, or difficulty, or that tends to create or increase the possibility of loss. 23. "Health Officer" — the legally designated health officer of the City of Red Wing or his or her authorized representative. 24. "Hotel or Motel" — a building or structure or enclosure, or any part thereof, kept, used as, maintained as, or advertised as, or held out to the public to be an enclosure where sleeping accommodations are furnished to the public and furnishing accommodations for periods of less than one week. 25. "Inadequate" —means not Adequate. 26. "Infestation" — the presence, within or around a Dwelling, of any insects, rodents, or pests. 27. "Kitchen" — a space used or intended to be used for food preparation, which contains a sink, adequate space for installing cooking and refrigeration equipment, and space for the storage of cooking utensils. 28. "Maintenance" — preservation from failure or decline. 29. "Maintained" — preserved from failure or decline. 1011 i101M 1i a) A public nuisance which may prove detrimental to children whether in a Building, on the premises of a Building, or upon an unoccupied lot. This includes, but is not limited to, the abandonment of any well, cistern, shaft, Basement, or excavation; the abandonment of any refrigerator or freezer in a hazardous condition; an unlicensed or inoperable motor vehicle; or any lumber, Garbage, Rubbish, or debris which may become a hazard for inquisitive minors; or b) Overcrowding a room or portion of a Dwelling with long-term storage so as to prevent upkeep, maintenance or regular housekeeping. A room may be considered overcrowded when storage covers an excessive amount of the floor area of a room, 4-4 Updated 09-11-2021) constitutes a potential excessive fire load, prevents access to windows or doors, prevents access to or obstructs mechanical systems or air movement, effectively eliminates use and access to required electrical devices, impedes access and movement of emergency personnel, blocks hallways, limits the operation of doors or provides potential pest harborage. 31. "Obsolescence" — the process of becoming neglected or the condition of being nearly neglected or worn out. 32. "Occupant" — any person, over one year of age, (including owner or operator) living, sleeping, cooking, or eating in, or having actual possession of, a Dwelling Unit or rooming unit. 33. "Operator or Resident Agent" — the Owner or Owner's agent who has charge, care, control, or management of a Building, or part thereof, in which Dwelling Units or rooming units are let or offered for occupancy. 34. "Owner" — a person who alone, jointly, or severally with others: a) shall have legal title to any Dwelling or Dwelling Unit, with or without accompanying actual possession thereof; or, b) shall have charge, care or control of any Dwelling or Dwelling Unit, as owner or agent of the owner, or as executor, executrix, administrator, administratrix, trustee or guardian of the estate of the owner. Any such person thus representing the actual owner shall be bound to comply with the provisions of this Section, and of rules and regulations adopted pursuant thereto, to the same extent as if he were the owner. 35. "Owner -Occupied Dwelling" — a dwelling unit occupied by the property owner, including for purposes of the HMC, a single-family dwelling or the discrete portion of a two-family or multi -family dwelling where the owner resides in one unit. 36. "Premises" — platted lot(s) or unplatted parcel(s) of land, or any portion thereof, either occupied or unoccupied by any dwelling or non -dwelling structure, including such building, accessory structure, or other structure thereon. 37. "Public Areas" — those areas which are normally open to the general public or the occupants of more than one dwelling unit of a multiple family dwelling. 4-5 Updated 09-11-2021) 38. "Rental Dwelling or Rental Dwelling Unit" — any dwelling unit not occupied by the primary homestead owner of record. Such a unit may be a single-family dwelling, a separate and independent housekeeping unit within a single-family dwelling, a group home, one unit of a two-family dwelling or a portion of a multi -family dwelling, any of which are provided or available for actual or potential occupancy whether occupied or vacant by lease, by use, by rent or for any other good and valuable consideration, excluding the portion of a homestead property occupied by a qualified relative, or residential property seasonally occupied by what is commonly referred to as a "house sitter" while the owner of the property is residing elsewhere for a period not to exceed six (6) months. Manufactured homes that are occupied by the owner of the home do not constitute rental Dwelling Units even though the underlying lot may be leased by the owner occupant. 39. "Rodent Harborage" — a place where rodents are living, nesting, or seeking shelter, or likely to live, nest, or seek shelter. 40. "Rodent -Proof' — a condition where a structure and all parts thereof are protected from rodent, insect and vermin Infestation by eliminating ingress and egress openings such as cracks in walls and holes in screens. For the purpose of the HMC the term "rodent - proof' shall be construed as though it included "insect -proof' and vermin -proof." 41. "Rooming Unit" — a room or group of rooms forming a single habitable unit used or intended to be used for living and sleeping, but not for cooking and eating purposes. 42. "Rubbish" — non-putrescible solid wastes consisting of both combustible and noncombustible wastes, such as paper, cardboard, tin cans, grass and shrubbery clippings, wood, glass, brick, plaster, bedding, crockery, and similar materials. 43. "Safe" — secure from threat of danger, harm or loss, including but not limited to the treat of Unsafe conditions as defined below. 44. "Safety" —the condition of being Safe. 45. "Sanitary" — free from or effective in preventing or checking an agent such as filth or infection) injurious to health. 46. "Supplied" — paid for, furnished, or provided, by or under the control of, the owner or operator. 4-6 Updated 09-11-2021) 47. "System" — a group of devices or artificial objects or an organization forming a network especially for distributing something or serving a common purpose. 48. "Unsafe" — not Safe, and includes but is not limited to the following applications: a) when referring to a building or structure, one that is structurally unsafe or not provided with adequate egress, that constitutes a Fire Hazard, or that is otherwise dangerous to human life. b) when referring to a use of a building or a structure, a use that constitutes a Hazard to Safety, health, or public welfare by reason of Inadequate Maintenance, Dilapidation, Obsolescence, Fire Hazard, Disaster, Damage, or Abandonment. c) when referring to parapet walls, cornices, spires, towers, tanks, statuary, or other appendages or structural members that are supported by, attached to, or a part of a building, one that is in deteriorated condition or otherwise unable to sustain the design loads that are specified in the Guidelines for Rehabilitation of Existing Structures as modified by Minn. R. Chapter. 49. "Yard" — all ground, lawn, court, walk, driveway, or other open space constituting part of the same premises. B. If a term used in Section 4.03 Subd. 8 is not defined in Section 4.03, but is defined in an applicable Minnesota Building Code, that term shall have the meaning as defined in that Code. C. Terms that are not defined in Section 4.03 or (for Subd. 8) in an applicable Minnesota Building Code shall have their ordinary accepted meanings within the context in which they are used, as determined in the following manner: 1. For undefined terms in Section 4.03 Subd. 8, Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged, copyright 1986, shall be considered as providing ordinarily accepted meanings. 2. For undefined terms in any other subdivision of Section 4.03, the on-line version of the Merriam -Webster Collegiate Dictionary, available at www.m-w.com, shall be considered as providing ordinarily accepted meanings. 4-7 Updated 09-11-2021) Subd. 5. Applicability. A Building and its Premises used in whole or in part as a residence, or as an Accessory Structure thereof except rest homes, convalescent homes, nursing homes, Hotels, and Motels, must conform to the requirements of this code. Licensing and inspections of Rental Dwellings and their premises are governed by Section 4.04. Enforcement action, under the HMC, against Owner Occupied Dwellings is limited to violations of Paragraphs (B) through (F) of Subdivision 9. This limit does not apply to Rental Dwellings, rented portions of Dwellings, Common Areas, or areas that are under the exclusive control of a Rental Dwelling Owner, such as mechanical rooms, storage rooms, or vacant rental units. These Rental Dwellings, portions of Dwellings, Common Areas, areas under the exclusive control of a Rental Dwelling Owner, and vacant Rental Dwelling Units, shall comply with this section in its entirety. Condominium and Cooperative Housing public areas shall be subject to the requirements applicable to Rental Dwellings if one or more Dwellings in such a building is a Rental Dwelling. Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, the HMC establishes minimum standards for erected Dwelling Units, Accessory Structures, and related Premises. Subd. 6. General Responsibilities of Owners. A. The owner of a Structure is responsible for ensuring that it meets the applicable provisions of the HMC. The duty to comply with the HMC cannot be transferred to another person. A contract purporting to transfer the duty of compliance with the HMC to another person does not relieve the owner, operator or occupant of any duty imposed by the HMC. Subd. 7. Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detection. A. Definitions. 1. Those terms defined in Minn. Stat. § 299F.362, Subd. 1 shall also carry those meanings when they appear below in smoke detector regulations. 2. Those terms defined in Minn. Stat. § 299F.50 shall also carry those meanings when they appear below in carbon monoxide detector regulations. 3. For purposes of Subd. 7 only, the phrases "single-family home" and single-family dwelling unit" mean a dwelling unit occupied by: a) A person living alone, or any of the following groups living together as a single nonprofit housekeeping unit and sharing common living, sleeping, cooking, and eating facilities- 4-8 Updated 09-11-2021) 1) Any number of people related by blood, marriage, adoption, guardianship or other duly -authorized custodial relationship; 2) Three unrelated people; or 3) Two unrelated people and any children related to either of them. 4. When inspecting for compliance with Subd. 7, City inspectors shall presume that any dwelling with only one dwelling unit is a single-family home and a single-family dwelling unit for purposes of Subd. 7, and will not inquire regarding the relationships between occupants, but this presumption may be rebutted by information volunteered by an owner or occupant. B. In Single -Family Homes or Single -Family Dwellings. 1. Single and multiple -station smoke alarms shall be installed in the following locations: a) In each room used for sleeping purposes. b) On the ceiling or wall outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of bedrooms. c) In each story within a dwelling unit, including basements, but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. In dwellings or dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level. 2. Smoke detectors improperly located or mounted may be required to be relocated or remounted. 3. The dwelling must have an approved and operational carbon monoxide alarm installed within ten feet of each room lawfully used for sleeping purposes. C. In Residential Structures Other Than Single -Family Homes. 1. For every other dwelling unit within an apartment house or within a dwelling that is not a single-family home- 4-9 Updated 09-11-2021) a) Each dwelling unit must be provided with a smoke detector meeting the requirements of the State Fire Code, Minn. R. Ch. 7511. b) Smoke detectors must be mounted in the location or locations set forth in section (b) (i) of this subdivision. c) When actuated, the detector must provide an alarm in the dwelling unit. d) Where the occupant is not the owner of the dwelling unit, the owner is responsible for maintenance of the smoke detectors. The occupant of a dwelling unit must inform the owner of the dwelling unit of a nonfunctioning smoke detector within 24 hours of discovering that the smoke detector in the dwelling unit is not functioning. 2. Effective August 1, 2009, the following regulations apply to multifamily dwellings: a) Subject to the exception in subpart 2 below, Every dwelling unit in a multifamily dwelling must satisfy at least one of these two standards: 1) It must have an approved and operational carbon monoxide alarm installed within ten feet of each room lawfully used for sleeping purposes; or 2) It must have approved and operational carbon monoxide alarms installed between 15 and 25 feet of carbon monoxide - producing central fixtures and equipment, provided there is a centralized alarm system or other mechanism for responsible parties to hear the alarm at all times. b) An owner of a multifamily dwelling that contains minimal or no sources of carbon monoxide may be exempted from the requirements of subpart 1 above, provided that such owner has certified to the commissioner of public safety that such multifamily dwelling poses no foreseeable carbon monoxide risk to the health and safety of the dwelling units. Subd. 8. Conditions of Components or Systems of Existing Residential Structures. A. Scope. Subd. 8 shall govern the conditions of Components and Systems of existing residential Structures. 4-10 Updated 09-11-2021) B. Certified Historic Structures. In a Certified Historic Structure as defined in Minn. R. 1311.0301, the requirements of this subdivision are subject to modifications specifically set forth in Chapter 6 of the Guidelines for Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings as modified by Minn. R. Chapter 1311. C. Modifications. Where there are practical difficulties involved in carrying out the provisions of Subd. 8, the City may accept compliance alternatives or grant modifications for individual cases. The City shall first find that a special individual reason makes the strict letter of Subd. 8 impractical, and that the compliance alternative or modification is in conformance with the intent and purpose of Subd. 8 and that such compliance alternative or modification does not lessen health, life and the intent of any fire -safety requirements or any degree of structural integrity. The details of any action granting modification or the acceptance of a compliance alternative shall be recorded and entered in City files. D. Safe and Sanitary Condition Required. All buildings and structures and all parts thereof shall be Maintained in a Safe and Sanitary condition. E. Additional Requirements Applicable to Electrical Components or Systems. 1. The electrical service, lines, switches, outlets, fixtures, and fixture coverings, and supports in every building or structure shall be in good repair. 2. Broken, loose, frayed, inoperative, defective, or missing portions of Electrical Components or Systems shall be repaired or replaced. 3. All Unsafe conditions shall be Corrected. F. Additional Requirements Applicable to Plumbing Components or Systems. 1. Leaking drain or supply lines shall be repaired or replaced. 2. All Unsafe conditions shall be Corrected. 3. Any cross -connections or siphonage between fixtures shall be Corrected. G. Additional Requirement Applicable to Mechanical Systems. Mechanical systems shall have any Unsafe conditions Corrected. 4-11 Updated 09-11-2021) H. Means of Egress. The Structure must meet those requirements of Sections 403.1 through 403.18 of GREB as modified by Minn. Rules Chapter 1311 that, by their wording or phrasing, apply to existing structures without regard to whether alteration, repair or other work is being performed on the Structure. Boiler/Central Heating Plant Equipment Rooms and Storage Rooms. In residential occupancies containing more than two dwelling units including apartment buildings): 1. Rooms containing boilers or central heating plants, and storage rooms with floor area exceeding 100 square feet in size, shall be separated from the rest of the building by not less than a one -hour occupancy separation. 2. When approved by a building official, existing wood lath and plaster in good condition or '/2 inch (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard may be accepted where one -hour occupancy separations are required. a) In a Certified Historic Structure as defined in Minn. R. 1311.0301, where the existing wall and ceiling finish is wood lath and plaster, 1-hour fire-resistant construction is not required and need not be provided. 3. A separation need not be provided for such rooms with equipment serving only one dwelling unit. J. Structural Safety. 1. The minimum design loads for the structure shall be the loads applicable at the time the building was constructed, provided that no dangerous condition is created. Structural members that are found to be unsound or dangerous shall comply with the applicable requirements of the Minnesota State Building Code for new construction. 2. A building, structure, or an individual structural member that has any of the conditions or defects described below, as determined by a licensed design professional, shall be replaced or strengthened when: a) The stress in any materials, member, or portion thereof, due to all dead and live loads, is more than one and one-half the working stress or stresses allowed in the Minnesota State Building Code for new buildings of similar structure, purpose, or location. 4-12 Updated 09-11-2021) b) Any portion of the building, structure, or member has been damaged by fire, earthquake, wind, flood, or by any other cause, to such an extent that its structural strength or stability is materially less than it was before the catastrophe and is less than the minimum requirements of the Minnesota State Building Code for new buildings of similar structure, purpose, or location. c) Any portion of the building, structure, or member has wracked, warped, buckled, or settled to such an extent that walls or other structural portions have materially less resistance to winds or earthquakes than is required in the case of similar new construction. d) The building or structure, or any portion of it, is likely to partially or completely collapse because of (i) dilapidation, deterioration, or decay; (ii) faulty construction; (iii) the removal, movement, or instability of any portion of the ground necessary for the purpose of supporting such building; (iv) the deterioration, decay, or Inadequacy of its foundation; or (v) any other cause. e) The exterior walls or other vertical structural members list, lean, or buckle to such an extent that a plumb line passing through the center of gravity does not fall inside the middle one-third of the base. f) The building or structure, exclusive of the foundation, shows 33 percent or more damage or deterioration of its supporting member or members, or 50 percent damage or deterioration of its nonsupporting members, enclosing or outside walls, or coverings. g) Any building or structure, which, whether or not erected in accordance with all applicable laws and ordinances, has in any nonsupporting part, member, or portion less than 50 percent, or in any supporting part, member, or portion less than 66 percent of the (i) strength, (ii) fire -resisting qualities or characteristics, or iii) weather -resisting qualities or characteristics required by law in the case of newly constructed building or like area, height, and occupancy in the same location. K. Weather Protection. 1. Every building shall be weather protected to provide shelter for the occupants against the elements and to Exclude Dampness. 2. The roof of every building or structure shall provide weather protection for the building. 4-13 Updated 09-11-2021) 3. All devices that were provided or are required to prevent ponding or flooding or to convey the roof water shall be capable of fulfilling that purpose. 4. All weather -exposed surfaces of every existing building or structure shall provide weather protection. L. Maintenance and Degradation. 1. All systems, devices, or safeguards that were required by a Minnesota Building Code under which the building was constructed shall be Maintained in conformance with the requirements of that Code. 2. Failure to correct Degradation of any system, device or equipment that a Minnesota Building Code required at the time of its construction is prohibited. Subd.9. Conditions of Residential Housing Other than Components and Systems. A. Scope. Subd. 9 shall govern the conditions in residential housing other than components and systems of a Structure. B. Accumulation of Dirt, Filth, Rubbish, or Garbage. 1. An Owner, Operator or Occupant of a Dwelling Unit may not allow the accumulation of dirt, filth, Rubbish, or Garbage on the Premises occupied or controlled in a manner that could create a health hazard to the Dwelling Occupants or the general public. C. Rodent Harborages in Occupied Areas. 1. Joint Responsibility. An Owner, Occupant or Operator may not allow formation of Rodent Harborages in or about the premises he or she occupies or controls. 2. Occupant Responsibility for Extermination. The occupant of a Dwelling containing a single Dwelling Unit is responsible for the Extermination of rodents, insects or vermin on the premises. Every Occupant of a Dwelling unit in a Dwelling containing more than one Dwelling Unit is responsible for such Extermination whenever the Dwelling Unit is the only one Infested. 3. Owner Responsibility for Extermination. Whenever Infestation is caused by the failure of the Owner to maintain a Dwelling in a 4-14 Updated 09-11-2021) reasonable Rodent -Proof condition, Extermination is also the responsibility of the Owner. Whenever Infestation exists in two or more of the Dwelling Units in any Dwelling, or in the shared or public parts of any Dwelling containing two or more Dwelling Units, Extermination thereof is also the responsibility of the Owner. 4. Standard: Where subparts b or c of this subdivision give rise to a duty to undertake Extermination, it is a violation of this code if the inspection does not demonstrate that such Extermination has been undertaken at least to a degree that is proportionate to the need for it. D. Nuisance. An Owner, Operator or Occupant of any Dwelling Unit may not allow the formation or presence of any Nuisance in or about the Premises. E. Yard Cover. Exposed areas surrounding (or within) a principal or Accessory Structure, including street boulevards which are not devoted to parking, drives, sidewalks, patios or other such uses, must be landscaped with grass, shrubs, trees, or other ornamented landscape material. Such landscaping shall be maintained in good condition and free of noxious weeds. Weeds, including tall grass, may not exceed six inches in height. F. Snow, Ice, and Stormwater Management. 1. Property Owners and Occupants shall be responsible to abate the snow and ice from the public sidewalk located on the City boulevard that abuts or fronts their property within 12 hours after such snow or ice has ceased to be deposited. 2. In no case may storm water be channeled into the sanitary sewer system. Storm water, ice, or snow may not be directed onto, or channeled across walkways or streets where it is likely to be a safety hazard. G. Minimum Temperature Standards for Rental Properties. 1. When the temperature outside the structure is below 60 degrees Fahrenheit, it is the responsibility of the Owner that a minimum temperature of 68 degrees Fahrenheit be maintained in a Dwelling Unit at a point 3 feet above the floor and 2 feet from exterior walls in all habitable rooms, unless the Occupant of that unit chooses to maintain a lower temperature. The installation of one or more portable space heaters shall not be used to achieve compliance with this section. 4-15 Updated 09-11-2021) CHAPTER 106: PROPERTY MAINTENANCE Section 106.01 Adoption of the International Property Maintenance Code 106.02 Amendments to International Property Maintenance Code § 106.01 ADOPTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE CODE. The 2012 International Property Maintenance Code (IPMC), as promulgated by the International Code Council, Inc., is adopted by reference and incorporated into the city code in whole as if it was set out in full, subject to the amendments contained in this chapter. (Ord. 2001-955, passed 8-13-01; Am. Ord. 2009-1104, passed 9-8-09; Am. Ord. 2016-1207, passed 9-12-16) § 106.02 AMENDMENTS TO INTERNATIONAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE CODE. The following amendments are made to the 2012 International Property Maintenance Code: (A) Section 101.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Property Maintenance Code of the City of Brooklyn Park, hereinafter referred to as “this code.” (B) Section 102.3 Application of other codes. Repairs, additions or alterations to a structure, or changes of occupancy shall be done in accordance with the procedures and provisions of the Minnesota State Building Code (MSBC), established pursuant to M.S. §§ 326B.101 to 326B.194, as adopted by the city. Nothing in this code shall be construed to cancel, modify or set aside any provision of the MSBC or the City of Brooklyn Park Zoning Code. (C) Section 102.7 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be those listed in Chapter 8, those listed in the MSBC, and considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference. Where differences occur between provisions of this code and the referenced standards, the provisions of this code shall apply to the extent permitted by law and regulation. (D) Section 103.1 General. The City Manager or his or her designee is responsible for administering the provisions of this code, and the executive official in charge thereof shall be known as the Code Official. (E) Section 103.2 Appointment. The Code Official shall be appointed by the chief appointing authority of the jurisdiction. (F) Section 103.5 Fees. The fees for activities and services performed in carrying out responsibilities under this code shall be in amounts set forth by the City Council. (G) Section 106.4 Violation penalties. Any person who shall violate a provision of this code, or fail to comply therewith, or with any of the requirements thereof, shall be prosecuted within the limits provided by state or local laws. Each day a violation continues after due notice has been served may be deemed a separate offense. (H) Section 106.6 Execution of compliance orders by public authority. Upon failure to comply with a compliance order within the time set therein (and no appeal having been taken), or upon failure to comply with a modified compliance order within the time set therein, the criminal penalty established hereunder notwithstanding, the City Council, after due notice to the owner, may by resolution cause the cited deficiency to be remedied as set forth in the compliance order. The cost of such remedy is a lien against the subject real estate. Such a lien may be levied and collected as a special assessment in the manner provided by M.S. Chapter 429. It may be levied for any of the reasons set forth in M.S § 429.101, Subd. 1, and specifically for the removal or elimination of public health or safety hazards from private property. However, the assessment must be payable in a single installment. It is the intent of this section to authorize the city to utilize all of the provisions of M.S. § 429.101 to promote the public health, safety and general welfare. (I) Section 108.4 Placarding. Upon failure of the owner or person responsible to comply with the notice provisions within the time given, the code official shall post on the premises or on defective equipment a placard and a statement of the penalties provided for occupying the premises, operating the equipment or removing the placard. (J) Section 111. Not adopted. (K) Section 112.4 Failure to comply. Any person who shall continue any work after having been served with a stop work order, except such work as that person is directed to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be liable to a fine of not less than collectable by the city charter but less than 100%. (L) Section 201.3 Terms defined in other codes. Where terms are not defined in this code and are defined in the MSBC and the City of Brooklyn Park Zoning Code, such terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in those codes. (M) Section 202 General definitions. CODE OFFICIAL. The official charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or any duly authorized representative. For the purpose of administration and enforcement of this code, the Building Official shall be the CODE OFFICIAL. UNSANITARY. Failure to maintain a property in such a manner that creates a danger or hazard to the health of persons occupying or frequenting it. Conditions caused by deterioration or improper installation, methods or materials of construction, Brooklyn Park equipment, lighting, heating, ventilation, or plumbing, or from existing conditions related to trash, debris, or moisture that may cause infestation or mold. (N) Section 302.4 Weeds. Not adopted. (O) Section 304.19 Gates. In accordance with the MSBC, gates required to be self-closing and self-latching shall be maintained such that, when released, they will positively close and latch. (P) Section 302.8 Motor vehicles. Not adopted. (Q) Section 302.9 Defacement of property. Not adopted. (R) Section 304.3 Premises identification. Buildings shall have approved address numbers placed in a position to be plainly legible and visible from the street or road fronting the property. These numbers shall: contrast with their background, be Arabic numerals or alphabet letters, and be a minimum of six inches high with a minimum stroke width of one-half inch. (S) Section 304.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe and shall be repaired or replaced to comply with the MSBC or the International Existing Building Code as required for existing buildings: 1. The nominal strength of any structural member is exceeded by nominal loads, the load effects or the required strength; 2. The anchorage of the floor or roof to walls or columns, and of walls and columns to foundations is not capable of resisting all nominal loads or load effects; 3. Structures or components thereof that have reached their limit state; 4. Siding and masonry joints including joints between the building envelope and the perimeter of windows, doors and skylights are not maintained, weather resistant or water tight; 5. Structural members that have evidence of deterioration or that are not capable of safely supporting all nominal loads and load effects; 6. Foundation systems that are not firmly supported by footings, are not plumb and free from open cracks and breaks, are not properly anchored or are not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 7. Exterior walls that are not anchored to supporting and supported elements or are not plumb and free of holes, cracks or breaks and loose or rotting materials, are not properly anchored or are not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 8. Roofing or roofing components that have defects that admit rain, roof surfaces with inadequate drainage, or any portion of the roof framing that is not in good repair with signs of deterioration, fatigue or without proper anchorage and incapable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 9. Flooring and flooring components with defects that affect serviceability or flooring components that show signs of deterioration or fatigue, are not properly anchored or are incapable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 10. Veneer, cornices, belt courses, corbels, trim, wall facings and similar decorative features not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 11. Overhang extensions or projections including, but not limited to, trash chutes, canopies, marquees, signs, awnings, fire escapes, standpipes and exhaust ducts not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 12. Exterior stairs, decks, porches, balconies and all similar appurtenances attached thereto, including guards and handrails, are not structurally sound, not properly anchored or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; or 13. Chimneys, cooling towers, smokestacks and similar appurtenances not structurally sound or not properly anchored, or that are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects. Exceptions: 1. When substantiated otherwise by an approved method. 2. Demolition of unsafe conditions shall be permitted when approved by the code official. (T) Section 304.14 Insect screens. During the period from May 15 to October 15, every door, window and other outside opening required for ventilation of habitable rooms, food preparation areas, food service areas, or any areas where products to be included or utilized in food for human consumption are processed, manufactured, packaged or stored, shall be supplied with approved tightly fitting screens of not less than 16 mesh per inch. Every swinging door shall also have a self- closing device in good working condition. (U) Section 305.1.1 Unsafe conditions. The following conditions shall be determined as unsafe and shall be repaired or replaced to comply with the MSBC or the International Existing Building Code as required for existing buildings: 1. The nominal strength of any structural member is exceeded by nominal loads, the load effects or the required strength; 2. The anchorage of the floor or roof to walls or columns, and of walls and columns to foundations is not capable of resisting all nominal loads or load effects; 3. Structures or components thereof that have reached their limit state; 4. Structural members are incapable of supporting nominal loads and load effects; 5. Stairs, landings, balconies and all similar walking surfaces, including guards and handrails, are not structurally sound, not properly anchored or are anchored with connections not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects; 6. Foundation systems that are not firmly supported by footings are not plumb and free from open cracks and breaks, are not properly anchored or are not capable of supporting all nominal loads and resisting all load effects. Exceptions: 1. When substantiated otherwise by an approved method. 2. Demolition of unsafe conditions shall be permitted when approved by the code official. (V) Section 403.4 Process ventilation. In accordance with the MSBC and the State Fire Code (SFC), where injurious, toxic, irritating or noxious fumes, gases, dusts or mists are generated, a local exhaust ventilation system shall be provided to remove the contaminating agent at its source. Air shall be exhausted to the exterior and not be re-circulated to any space. (W) Section 403.5 Clothes dryer exhaust. Clothes dryer exhaust systems shall be independent of all other systems, and shall be exhausted in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and the State Mechanical Code (SMC). (X) Section 502.3 Hotels. Not adopted. (Y) Section 504.1 General. All plumbing fixtures shall be properly installed and maintained in working order. They shall be kept free from obstructions, leaks and defects, capable of performing the functions for which they were designed. In accordance with the Minnesota State Plumbing Code (MSPC), all plumbing fixtures shall be maintained in a safe, sanitary and functional condition. (Z) Section 505.1 Every sink, lavatory, bathtub or shower, drinking fountain, water closet or other plumbing fixture shall be properly connected to either a public water system or an approved private water system. In accordance with the MSPC, all kitchen sinks, lavatories, laundry facilities, bathtubs and showers shall be supplied with cold and hot or tempered running water. (AA) Section 602.1 Facilities required. Heating facilities shall be provided in structures as required by this section and the MSBC. (BB) Section 602.2 Residential occupancies. Dwellings shall be provided with heating facilities capable of maintaining a room temperature of 68° F in all habitable rooms, bathrooms and toilet rooms. This is based on the winter outdoor design temperature for the locality indicated in the Minnesota State Energy Code (MSEC). Cooking appliances shall not be used to provide space heating to meet the requirements of this section. (CC) Section 602.3 Heat supply. During the period from September 15 to May 15, every owner and operator of any building who rents, leases or lets one or more dwelling unit, rooming unit, dormitory or guestroom on terms, either expressed or implied, to furnish heat to the occupants thereof shall supply heat to maintain a temperature of not less than 68° F in all habitable rooms, bathrooms, and toilet rooms. EXCEPTION: When the outdoor temperature is below the winter outdoor design temperature for the locality, maintenance of the minimum room temperature shall not be required, provided that the heating system is operating at its full design capacity. (DD) Section 602.4 Occupiable work spaces. When occupied during the period from September 15 to May 15, indoor occupiable work spaces shall be supplied with heat to maintain a temperature of not less than 68° F. (EE) Section 603.5 Combustion air. In accordance with the Minnesota State Mechanical Code (MSMC ), a supply of air shall be provided for complete fuel combustion and for ventilation of the space containing the fuel-burning equipment. (FF) Section 604.1 Facilities required. Every occupied building shall be provided with an electrical system in compliance with the requirements of this section, Section 605 of the IPMC, and the National Electrical Code (NEC) as adopted by the MSBC. (GG) Section 604.2 Service. In accordance with the NEC, the size and usage of appliances and equipment shall serve as a basis for determining the need for additional facilities. Dwelling units shall be served by a three-wire, 120/240-volt, single- phase electrical service with a rating of not less than 60 amperes. (HH) Section 604.3.1.1 Electrical equipment. Electrical distribution equipment, motor circuits, power equipment, transformers, wire, cable, flexible cords, wiring devices, ground fault circuit interrupters, surge protectors, molded case circuit breakers, low-voltage fuses, luminaires, ballasts, motors and electronic control, signaling and communication equipment that have been exposed to water shall be replaced in accordance with the provisions of the NEC and the MSBC. (II) Section 604.3.2.1 Electrical equipment. Electrical switches, receptacles and fixtures, including furnace, water heating, security system and power distribution circuits, that have been exposed to fire, shall be replaced in accordance with the provisions of the NEC and the MSBC. (JJ) Section 701. Scope. Under the provisions of this chapter, the SFC shall govern the minimum conditions and standards for fire safety relating to structures and exterior premises, including fire safety facilities and equipment to be provided. (KK) Section 702.1 General. A safe continuous and unobstructed path of travel shall be provided from any point in a building or structure to the public way. Means of egress shall comply with the Minnesota State Building Code. (LL) Section 702.2 Aisles. In accordance with the SFC, the required width of aisles shall be unobstructed. (MM) Section 702.3 Locked doors. All means of egress doors shall be readily openable from the side from which egress is to be made without the need for keys, special knowledge or effort, except where the door hardware conforms to that permitted by the MSBC. (NN) Section 702.4 Emergency escape openings. Required emergency escape and rescue openings shall be operational from the inside of the room, without the use of keys or tools. Bars, grilles, grates or similar devices are permitted to be placed over emergency escape and rescue openings. However, such devices must provide a minimum net clear opening size that complies with the MSBC. They shall also be releaseable or removeable from the inside, without the use of a key, tool, or force greater than that required for the normal operation of the escape and rescue opening. Where such bars, grilles, grates or similar devices are installed in existing buildings, smoke detectors shall be installed in accordance with Section 704 of the IPMC. (OO) Section 704.1 General. All systems, devices and equipment to detect a fire, actuate an alarm, or suppress or control a fire or any combination thereof shall be maintained in an operable condition at all times in accordance with the MSBC. (PP) Section 800 General references. Whenever this code refers to the International Codes, such references shall be deemed to be to the comparable applicable code as adopted by the state. Whenever this code refers to the International Zoning Code, such references shall be deemed to be the City of Brooklyn Park Zoning Ordinance. (Ord. 2001-955, passed 8-13-01; Am. Ord. 2009-1104, passed 9-8-09; Am. Ord. 2016-1207, passed 9-12-16) 1 STATE OF MINNESOTA IN SUPREME COURT A10-0332 Court of Appeals Page, J. Concurring, Anderson, Paul H., J. Robert McCaughtry, et al., Appellants, vs. Filed: May 31, 2013 Office of Appellate Courts City of Red Wing, Respondent. ________________________ Anthony B. Sanders, Lee U. McGrath, Institute for Justice Minnesota Chapter, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Dana Berliner, Institute for Justice, Arlington, Virginia, for appellants. John M. Baker, Kathryn N. Hibbard, Katherine M. Swenson, Greene Espel PLLP, Minneapolis, Minnesota, for respondent. Teresa Nelson, American Civil Liberties Union of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, for amicus curiae American Civil Liberties Union of Minnesota. Patrick J. Kelly, Patrick J. Kelly Attorney at Law, P.A., Saint Paul, Minnesota; and Bennett Evan Cooper, Steptoe & Johnson LLP, Phoenix, Arizona, for amici curiae Cato Institute, Reason Foundation, Minnesota Free Market Institute at the Center of the American Experiment, Electronic Frontier Foundation, and Libertarian Law Council. Susan L. Naughton, League of Minnesota Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, for amicus curiae League of Minnesota Cities. 2 Jarod M. Bona, Ann A. Parmley, DLA Piper LLP, Minneapolis, Minnesota, for amicus curiae Saint Paul Association of Responsible Landlords. Nicole L. Concordia, Concordia Law Group PLLC, Minnetonka, Minnesota, for amicus curiae Wiebesick Rental. ________________________ S Y L L A B U S 1. A facial challenge to the constitutionality of a rental property inspection ordinance on the ground that the ordinance authorizes inspections without individualized suspicion of a housing code violation fails unless it can be shown that the ordinance is unconstitutional in all of its applications. 2. Appellants have failed to show that the rental property inspection ordinance at issue in this case is unconstitutional in all of its applications. Affirmed. O P I N I O N PAGE, Justice. This case involves a facial challenge to the constitutionality of respondent City of Red Wing’s rental property inspection ordinance. Appellants are nine landlords and two tenants who brought suit seeking a declaration that the City’s ordinance violates Article I, Section 10, of the Minnesota Constitution. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of the City, concluding that appellants lacked standing and that the state constitutional claim failed on the merits. Agreeing with the district court that appellants lacked standing, the court of appeals affirmed. We reversed, holding that appellants’ facial challenge presented a justiciable controversy. McCaughtry v. City of Red Wing, 3 808 N.W.2d 331 (Minn. 2011) (McCaughtry I). On remand, the court of appeals again affirmed the district court, this time concluding that the City’s ordinance did not violate the Minnesota Constitution. Because appellants have not satisfied their burden in a facial challenge to show that the ordinance operates unconstitutionally in all of its applications, we affirm. In February 2005, the City enacted a rental inspection and licensing ordinance as part of its Housing Maintenance Code (HMC) and Rental Dwelling Licensing Code (RDLC).1 See Red Wing, Minn., City Code §§ 4.03–.04 (2012). The HMC establishes minimum standards to which all residential buildings (with certain limited exceptions) must conform. See id. § 4.03, subd. 5. The RDLC, in turn, prohibits any person from operating or leasing a rental dwelling unit without first having obtained an operating license from the City, although landlords may obtain temporary permits allowing them to lease property for which an operating license has not yet been issued. Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(A) & 1(A)(1). Operating licenses are valid for 7 years. Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(A)(2). But the City may not issue or renew an operating license unless it determines that the rental property conforms to the HMC. Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C). The RDLC grants the City authority to inspect residential property under certain circumstances. First, the City may inspect all residential property, whether rental property or owner-occupied property, “when reason exists to believe that a violation of an 1 We previously summarized the factual and procedural background of this case in McCaughtry I and we need not recount that entire background here. Instead, we recite only those facts relevant to our decision. 4 applicable subdivision of the HMC exists, has been, or is being committed.” Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C) & 1(C)(3). Second, the City may also inspect rental property (1) “upon receipt of a properly executed application for an operating license,” id., § 4.04, subd. 1(C)(2), or (2) “on a scheduled basis,” id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C) & 1(C)(1). The ordinance refers to inspections performed on a scheduled basis or upon receipt of an application for an operating license as “Licensing Inspections.” Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C)(2). When the City conducts a Licensing Inspection, it must first seek consent to inspect from the owner and tenant. Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C)(8). If consent cannot be obtained, the “City shall seek permission, from a judicial officer through an administrative warrant, for its enforcement officer or his or her agents to conduct an inspection.” Id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C)(9). The ordinance does not describe the procedures for seeking a warrant or the conditions under which a warrant should be granted. Rather, the ordinance simply provides that “[n]othing in this Code shall limit or constrain the authority of the judicial officer to condition or limit the scope of the administrative warrant.” Id. After adoption of the rental inspection and licensing ordinance, the City contacted appellants seeking consent to inspect their rental properties. But appellants refused to consent, and the City sought administrative warrants against them in Goodhue County District Court. Appellants opposed the warrant applications and brought two declaratory judgment actions challenging the RDLC on several grounds. In particular, appellants claimed that the RDLC’s warrant procedure violated Article I, Section 10, of the Minnesota Constitution because it authorized the City to obtain a search warrant without 5 individualized suspicion of a housing code violation on appellants’ property. Appellants acknowledged that, in Camara v. Municipal Court, 387 U.S. 523 (1967), the Supreme Court held that the Fourth Amendment does not require that a warrant to conduct a housing code inspection be based on knowledge of the particular dwelling to be inspected. Id. at 538. But appellants argued that the Minnesota Constitution should be interpreted more broadly than its federal counterpart so as to require individualized suspicion before a court may issue an administrative warrant. Appellants’ declaratory judgment actions were consolidated with the City’s administrative warrant applications. The City moved for summary judgment, challenging both the merits of appellants’ constitutional claim and their standing to assert the claim. The district court denied the City’s warrant applications on federal constitutional grounds not relevant here. But the court granted summary judgment to the City on the declaratory judgment claims. The court concluded that, because appellants had not yet had an administrative warrant issued against them, they had “not suffered an injury that is actual or imminent.” The district court also noted that “per the plain language of the RDLC,” a judge reviewing an application for an administrative warrant “is specifically authorized to condition or limit the scope of the warrant as appropriate.” Thus, the district court concluded that an application for an administrative warrant “might possibly be approved in such a manner” that no constitutional violation occurs. But, in the interest of judicial economy, the district court nonetheless considered the merits of appellants’ constitutional claim under Article I, Section 10, and denied that claim on the merits. 6 Appellants appealed, challenging the district court’s ruling on both standing and the merits of their claim under the Minnesota Constitution. The court of appeals affirmed on standing grounds and did not address the merits of the constitutional claim. See McCaughtry v. City of Red Wing, No. A10–0332, 2010 WL 3744638, at *3–4 (Minn. App. Sept. 28, 2010). We granted review and reversed, determining that, because the relevant issue was “when” suit could be brought rather than “who” could bring it, the issue was one of ripeness, not standing. McCaughtry I, 808 N.W.2d at 338. We held that appellants’ constitutional claim was ripe because they brought a purely legal, facial challenge to the RDLC that does not depend on the development of a factual record. Id. at 339. We therefore remanded the matter to the court of appeals for consideration of the merits of the constitutional challenge. Id. at 341. On remand, the court of appeals affirmed on the merits. McCaughtry v. City of Red Wing, 816 N.W.2d 636 (Minn. App. 2012). The sole issue in this case is whether, on its face, the RDLC’s Licensing Inspections provision violates Article I, Section 10, of the Minnesota Constitution, which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. Constitutional interpretation presents a legal question, which we review de novo. State v. Brooks, 604 N.W.2d 345, 348 (Minn. 2000). We exercise our power to declare laws unconstitutional “with extreme caution and only when absolutely necessary.” In re Haggerty, 448 N.W.2d 363, 364 (Minn. 1989). A city “ordinance [is] presumed constitutional, and the burden of proving that [it is] unconstitutional is on the appellants.” Minn. Voters Alliance v. City of Minneapolis, 766 N.W.2d 683, 688 (Minn. 2009). 7 Because an administrative warrant has not yet been issued against them, appellants challenge the City’s ordinance on its face, rather than as applied. We have stated that “in a facial challenge to constitutionality, the challenger bears the heavy burden of proving that the legislation is unconstitutional in all applications.” Id. at 696; see also United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739, 745 (1987) (a facial challenge is “the most difficult challenge to mount successfully, since the challenger must establish that no set of circumstances exists under which the Act would be valid”); McCaughtry I, 808 N.W.2d at 339 (stating that a “facial challenge asserts that a law ‘always operates unconstitutionally’ ” (quoting Black’s Law Dictionary 261 (9th ed. 2009)). The Supreme Court explained the rationale for this heavy burden: Facial challenges are disfavored for several reasons. Claims of facial invalidity often rest on speculation. As a consequence, they raise the risk of premature interpretation of statutes on the basis of factually barebones records. Facial challenges also run contrary to the fundamental principle of judicial restraint that courts should neither anticipate a question of constitutional law in advance of the necessity of deciding it nor formulate a rule of constitutional law broader than is required by the precise facts to which it is to be applied. Finally, facial challenges threaten to short circuit the democratic process by preventing laws embodying the will of the people from being implemented in a manner consistent with the Constitution. Wash. State Grange v. Wash. State Republican Party, 552 U.S. 442, 450-51 (2008) (citations omitted) (internal quotation marks omitted). Thus, if we identify a single situation in which the RDLC’s Licensing Inspection provision might be applied constitutionally, appellants’ facial challenge fails. See Minn. Voters Alliance, 766 N.W.2d at 694 (stating that “[i]n a facial challenge, once a constitutional application is identified, it is inappropriate to speculate regarding other hypothetical circumstances that 8 might arise”); Michael C. Dorf, Facial Challenges to State and Federal Statutes, 46 Stan. L. Rev. 235, 241 (1994) (“Under the ‘no set of circumstances’ test, the government need only produce an example in which the statute could be applied constitutionally to defeat the facial challenge.”). The crux of appellants’ constitutional challenge is that the ordinance allows the City to obtain warrants to conduct Licensing Inspections without any individualized suspicion of a housing code violation. Whether the Minnesota Constitution requires individualized suspicion for housing code searches is an unsettled question. As discussed above, in order for us to resolve that question in the context of a facial challenge, appellants must first show that resolution of the question in their favor would render the ordinance unconstitutional in all of its applications. Stated differently, appellants must demonstrate that every warrant to conduct a Licensing Inspection under the RDLC will be issued without individualized suspicion. If a situation in which individualized suspicion might be required for a Licensing Inspection can be identified, then, even under appellants’ interpretation of the constitution, the ordinance would not be unconstitutional in all its applications and their facial challenge would fail. Appellants argue that we endorsed the use of a facial challenge to the ordinance in our ruling in McCaughtry I. Appellants also argue that they can meet their burden in this case “because the text of the ordinance itself plainly authorizes ‘administrative warrants’ 9 instead of warrants requiring traditional probable cause.”2 The City argues that appellants cannot meet their heavy burden because the RDLC does not preclude a judge from requiring individualized suspicion before issuing a warrant and thus, even under appellants’ interpretation of Article I, Section 10, the ordinance is capable of being applied in a constitutional fashion. We begin with appellants’ claim that our decision in McCaughtry I is dispositive. In McCaughtry I, we held that appellants’ claim was ripe because their facial challenge presented “a purely legal question that does not require the development of a factual record.” 808 N.W.2d at 339. Because their challenge raised a “constitutional issue that . . . is neither hypothetical nor abstract,” we concluded that “there [wa]s no reason to delay resolution of the constitutional question[].” Id. at 339-40. We also rejected the City’s argument that the case was not ripe because a judge acts as gatekeeper for the issuance of an administrative warrant: In arguing that appellants’ claims here are not justiciable, the City also relies on the fact that “a judge always stands between the City and its 2 Appellants’ facial challenge asserts that the RDLC is unconstitutional because it does not comply with probable cause requirements. But the term “probable cause” in this context is imprecise. In Camara, the Supreme Court held under the federal constitution that administrative search warrants must be based on “probable cause,” but that the probable cause required in this context means only that “reasonable legislative or administrative standards for conducting an area inspection are satisfied with respect to a particular dwelling.” 387 U.S. at 538. According to the Court, probable cause does “not necessarily depend upon specific knowledge of the condition of the particular dwelling.” Id. Therefore, the most accurate understanding of appellants’ complaint is not that the RDLC is unconstitutional because Licensing Inspections lack “probable cause” (as that term is defined in Camara), but because Licensing Inspections are conducted without individualized suspicion (i.e., traditional probable cause). Therefore, we use the phrase “individualized suspicion” throughout this opinion rather than “probable cause.” 10 ability to conduct any inspection of Plaintiffs’ properties.” However, there is no probable cause or other standard set out in the ordinance, and the City essentially is arguing that appellants must wait and hope that a judge will “write in” the correct constitutional limitations on the warrant power. The possibility that a judge might in the future limit the City’s administrative warrant application to ensure that the warrant comports with the Minnesota Constitution does not make the challenge here premature. Id. at 341. But McCaughtry I dealt with the specific issue of whether appellants’ claims were unripe because a warrant had not yet been issued against them. Ripeness goes to the issue of justiciability, which is a threshold question in every case because it determines whether a court has jurisdiction to pass on the constitutionality of a law and issue a declaratory judgment. See Kennedy v. Carlson, 544 N.W.2d 1, 6 (Minn. 1996) (“A justiciable controversy must exist before Minnesota courts have jurisdiction to issue a declaratory judgment regarding the constitutionality of a statute.”); see also Warth v. Seldin, 422 U.S. 490, 498 (1975). Because the issue of justiciability goes to a court’s power to hear a case at all, it is a separate and distinct question from the merits of the suit. We recognized this in McCaughtry I when we stated that, “[b]ecause the issue raised in this court is one of justiciability, ‘we need not reach the merits of the underlying controversy at this time.’ ” 808 N.W.2d at 341 (quoting Holiday Acres No. 3 v. Midwest Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass’n of Minneapolis, 271 N.W.2d 445, 447 (Minn. 1978)). Therefore, our statement in McCaughtry I that “there [wa]s no reason to delay resolution of the constitutional question[]” must be read in context. Likewise, although we held in McCaughtry I that the ability of a judge to limit the issuance of a warrant did not render a court without power to consider a facial challenge to the ordinance, we did not hold that 11 appellants could or would be able to meet the requirements for a successful facial challenge on the merits. Accordingly, we reject appellants’ argument that McCaughtry I is dispositive and controls here. The present appeal is the first time that we have examined the merits of the facial challenge, and the first time we have considered the question of whether appellants can show that the RDLC is unconstitutional in all of its applications. Therefore, we turn to appellants’ argument based on the text of the ordinance itself. The RDLC distinguishes between two types of inspections. First, both rental and owner-occupied property may be inspected for cause “when reason exists to believe that a violation of an applicable subdivision of the HMC exists, has been, or is being committed.” Red Wing, Minn., City Code § 4.04, subd. 1(C) & 1(C)(3). Second, rental property may also be subjected to Licensing Inspections “on a scheduled basis,” id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C) & 1(C)(1), or “upon receipt of a properly executed application for an operating license,” id. § 4.04, subd. 1(C)(2). The RDLC explicitly requires that inspections for cause be based on individualized suspicion of a housing code violation, whereas Licensing Inspections contain no similar textual requirement. From this structure, appellants argue that the RDLC clearly contemplates that Licensing Inspections will occur without individualized suspicion. Moreover, appellants note that the RDLC uses the term “administrative 12 warrant,” which they argue is, by definition, a warrant issued without individualized suspicion.3 But the fact that the ordinance does not expressly require individualized suspicion for Licensing Inspections is not determinative of appellants’ facial challenge. Appellants must show that all warrants to conduct Licensing Inspections are issued without individualized suspicion. This they cannot do because, although the ordinance does not require individualized suspicion, it does not preclude a district court from requiring that the City establish individualized suspicion before a warrant will issue. On the contrary, as the City points out, the ordinance expressly provides that “[n]othing in this Code shall limit or constrain the authority of the judicial officer to condition or limit the scope of the administrative warrant.” Red Wing, Minn., City Code § 4.04, subd. 1(C)(9). The reference to the district court’s authority to “condition . . . the administrative warrant” demonstrates that—regardless of whether the ordinance authorizes suspicionless searches—the court retains the power to require individualized suspicion in any given case. And if a court may require individualized suspicion in a particular case, then we cannot, applying appellants’ constitutional standard, say that the ordinance is 3 Black’s Law Dictionary defines an “administrative warrant” as “[a] warrant issued by a judge at the request of an administrative agency . . . sought to conduct an administrative search.” Black’s Law Dictionary 1722 (9th ed. 2009). An “administrative search” is defined in turn as “[a] search of public or commercial premises carried out by a regulatory authority to enforce compliance with health, safety, or security regulations. The probable cause required for an administrative search is less stringent than that required for a search incident to a criminal investigation.” Id. at 1468. 13 unconstitutional in all of its applications. See McCaughtry I, 808 N.W.2d at 339-40; Minn. Voters Alliance, 766 N.W.2d at 694-96. Appellants argue that their facial challenge should not fail “simply because a judge might disregard the ordinance’s text and impose requirements beyond those actually in the law.” We disagree. Contrary to appellants’ characterization, a district court that requires individualized suspicion would not be disregarding the text of the ordinance, but rather would be exercising its authority under the ordinance to “condition . . . the administrative warrant.” In analyzing a facial challenge, we may “presume any narrowing construction or practice to which the law is ‘fairly susceptible.’ ” City of Lakewood v. Plain Dealer Pub. Co., 486 U.S. 750, 770 n.11 (1988) (citation omitted); see also Reno v. Am. Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844, 884 (1997). We do so because a facial challenge circumvents the opportunity for individual courts interpreting a law to apply “a limiting construction to avoid constitutional questions.” See Wash. State Grange, 552 U.S. at 450. In this case, the RDLC’s text is susceptible to a limiting construction that allows district courts to require individualized suspicion in any given case. In sum, we conclude that the RDLC’s warrant mechanism for Licensing Inspections can be applied constitutionally, even under appellants’ view of the law, because a district court may require individualized suspicion before issuing a warrant in a particular case. Because the law can be applied constitutionally, appellants’ facial challenge fails and we must affirm the court of appeals. We need not decide the unsettled question of whether the Minnesota Constitution prohibits the issuance of an 14 administrative warrant under the Red Wing Licensing Inspection ordinance absent some individualized suspicion of a housing code violation, and we express no opinion on whether appellants’ argument could succeed on an as-applied basis. Affirmed.